Measures IgG, IgA, and IgM antibodies against bacterial cytotoxins and cytoskeletal proteins. Detects the overgrowth of large intestinal bacteria in the small intestine and evaluates the release of bacterial cytotoxins and their breach of the intestinal barrier. Developed and published by Aristo Vojdani, PhD, MSc, CLS, known as the father of functional immunology, in 2014 and 2019.
Hey Practitioners! 
Join Dr. Chris Magryta and Dr. Erik Lundquist for a comprehensive 6-week course on evaluating functional medicine labs from two perspectives: adult and pediatric. In this course, you’ll explore the convergence of lab results across different diseases and age groups, understanding how human lab values vary on a continuum influenced by age, genetics, and time. Register here.
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