Title
Subscribe to the Magazine for free
Subscribe for free to keep reading! If you are already subscribed, enter your email address to log back in.
Thanks for subscribing!
Oops! Something went wrong while submitting the form.
Are you a healthcare practitioner?
Thanks for subscribing!
Oops! Something went wrong while submitting the form.

Lab Tests For Patients With A Family History of Type 2 Diabetes

Why This Was Updated?

Our specialists regularly review advancements in health and wellness, ensuring our articles are updated with the newest information as it becomes accessible.
Medically Reviewed by

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a condition that affects how your body handles sugar, leading to high blood sugar levels. Currently, half a million people live with this condition globally, which is expected to climb to 1.3 billion by 2050. OverΒ  95% of diabetes cases today are T2D.

Regular lab testing is important for detecting diabetes and prediabetes early, often before symptoms appear. These tests allow for intervention and tailored health plans, allowing individuals to make informed lifestyle choices and reduce the risk of serious complications. This article discusses the importance of key lab tests for individuals with a family history of T2D.

Sign Up to Order Labs

[signup]

Understanding the Genetic Risk of Type 2 Diabetes

Family history significantly influences the risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D). Genetic traits related to insulin response and sugar metabolism can be inherited, increasing the likelihood of T2D if a parent or sibling has the condition. Recognizing genetic risk should encourage healthier habits to reduce the chances of developing T2D.

However, genetics is only part of the picture. Lifestyle and environmental factors also contribute to T2D risk. Diet, physical activity, and weight management are equally important. For example, a sedentary lifestyle or a diet high in processed sugars can elevate risk, even without a family history.Β 

The Role of Regular TestingΒ 

Regular testing helps detect diabetes or prediabetes early, allowing for timely intervention. It gives individuals the information they need to make lifestyle changes and helps healthcare providers develop effective management plans. This proactive approach can prevent serious complications and improve overall health.

Key Lab Tests for Early Detection and Monitoring of Type 2 Diabetes

For those with a family history of type 2 diabetes, early detection through lab tests is important. Here are the key lab tests:

Blood Glucose Tests

Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG)

This test measures blood sugar levels after an eight-hour fast, helping to detect diabetes or prediabetes. It reflects how well the body regulates glucose without the influence of recent meals. Reference levels are:

  • Non-diabetic: Below 100 mg/dL
  • Prediabetic: 100 to 125 mg/dL
  • Diabetic: 126 mg/dL or higher

Random Blood Glucose Test

This test measures blood sugar levels at any time of day, regardless of when the last meal was consumed. It supports the Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG) test by providing a non-fasting assessment, especially useful for high-risk patients. A random blood glucose level of 200 mg/dL or higher may indicate diabetes.

Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT)

During the OGTT,Β  the individual fasts overnight and then drinks a sugary solution. Blood sugar levels are measured two hours later. This test is important for detecting impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), which means the body has difficulty processing glucose effectively, indicating an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. It also helps assess the early stages of type 2 diabetes by evaluating how well the body processes glucose over time.

Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) Test

The HbA1c test measures the average blood sugar levels over the past 2-3 months. It is an important tool for both diagnosing and monitoring diabetes.Β 

How It Works:

  • When glucose enters the bloodstream, it binds to hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. The A1C test measures the percentage of hemoglobin that is coated with sugar. The higher the average blood sugar levels, the higher the percentage of A1c.

These levels indicate:

  • Optimal: below 5.7%
  • Prediabetic: 5.7% to 6.4%
  • Diabetic: 6.5% or higher
Image Source: https://diabetes.org/about-diabetes/diagnosisΒ 

C-Peptide Test

The C-peptide test measures insulin production levels in the body through blood or urine. For those with a family history of diabetes, this test can assess how effectively the pancreas is producing insulin.

This helps to differentiate between type 1 and type 2 diabetes. In type 1 diabetes, C-peptide levels are low because the pancreas produces little to no insulin due to the destruction of insulin-producing cells. In type 2 diabetes, C-peptide levels are often normal or elevated, indicating increased insulin production in response to insulin resistance.

Additional Lab Tests for Patients with a Family History of Type 2 Diabetes

For individuals with a family history of type 2 diabetes, additional lab tests can provide important information about overall health and monitor areas that may be affected by the disease.

Lipid Profile (Cholesterol and Triglycerides)

Individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) have a higher risk of heart disease and stroke due to insulin resistance, obesity, and hypertension.Β 

Elevated levels of cholesterol and triglycerides can contribute to atherosclerosis, where fatty deposits build up in the arteries, narrowing them and further increasing cardiovascular risk. Monitoring these levels helps identify at-risk individuals and guide interventions, such as lifestyle changes and medications, to enhance health outcomes.

For at-risk individuals, the following lipid markers are recommended:

  • Total Cholesterol: Below 200 mg/dL is normal; higher levels increase heart disease risk.

  • LDL Cholesterol (or bad cholesterol): Ideal levels are below 100 mg/dL to prevent plaque buildup.

  • HDL Cholesterol (or good cholesterol): Optimal is 60 mg/dL or higher. HDLis known for its protective benefits, as it helps to remove cholesterol from the bloodstream.

  • Triglycerides: Below 150 mg/dL is best. Elevated levels can contribute to increased cardiovascular risks.

Liver Function Tests

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is commonly associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and occurs when excess fat accumulates in the liver without alcohol involvement. This condition is linked to insulin resistance, which disrupts the liver’s ability to manage glucose and fat. Elevated liver fat can worsen insulin resistance, making liver health monitoring essential.

Key tests, such as ALT and AST, evaluate liver function and are important for those at risk of diabetes.Β  Elevated levels of these enzymes can indicate liver damage or inflammation. For individuals at risk of T2D, regular monitoring of these tests is key, as liver health directly affects metabolism.

Kidney Function Tests

T2D can lead to kidney damage over time, primarily through a condition known as diabetic nephropathy. Elevated blood sugar levels damage the small blood vessels in the kidneys, impairing their ability to filter waste and excess fluid. This can result in complications such as high blood pressure, electrolyte imbalances, and eventually kidney failure. Early detection and intervention are essential to slow the progression of kidney damage in individuals with T2D.

Key tests for assessing kidney function include:

  • Creatinine: This test measures the level of creatinine in the blood. Elevated levels can indicate reduced kidney function.

  • Urine Albumin-to-Creatinine Ratio (ACR): This test measures the amount of albumin in the urine relative to creatinine. Higher levels suggest kidney damage, as damaged kidneys allow albumin to leak into urine.

Risk Stratification Based on Test Results

Healthcare providers use test results to customize care for effective diabetes management.Β 

How Healthcare Providers Use Test Results:

  1. Risk Stratification Techniques: Healthcare providers use risk stratification techniques to categorize patients based on their likelihood of developing diabetes-related complications. By analyzing test results, they can identify individuals at higher risk for cardiovascular disease, kidney damage, and neuropathy, allowing for prioritized interventions.

  2. Individualized Monitoring Plans: Based on lab results, healthcare providers develop personalized monitoring plans for each patient, which may include more frequent blood sugar monitoring, regular kidney function check-ups, and targeted lifestyle recommendations. Research indicates that patients are more engaged in their health when they follow a structured plan.

  3. Risk Calculator Tools: Healthcare providers also utilize risk calculators that integrate genetic, lifestyle, and clinical factors to assess a patient’s overall risk profile. These tools provide valuable insights into how factors such as family history, diet, and exercise influence diabetes management.

Together, these approaches enable more personalized care and effective monitoring for those most at risk of T2D.

Lifestyle Modifications and Preventative Strategies Based on Test Outcomes

Adopting healthy lifestyle changes and regular monitoring is essential for managing diabetes risk.

Dietary Adjustments for At-Risk Individuals

A balanced diet is fundamental for managing blood sugar levels, particularly for those at risk of type 2 diabetes.Β 

Emphasizing the reduction of refined carbohydrates, such as sugary snacks, white bread, and processed foods, can help stabilize glucose levels. These types of carbohydrates are quickly absorbed, causing rapid spikes in blood sugar, which can lead to insulin resistance over time.Β 

Additionally, consume more fiber and protein. Fiber slows digestion and helps regulate blood sugar, while protein contributes to satiety and supports overall metabolic health.

Exercise and Physical Activity

Regular physical activity is another critical component of diabetes management. Doing moderate exercise, such as brisk walking, cycling, or swimming, for at least 150 minutes per week can significantly improve glucose metabolism and enhance insulin sensitivity.Β 

Strength training exercises are also beneficial, as they help build muscle mass, supporting better blood sugar control.

Monitoring and Follow-Up

Regular monitoring is key for individuals with high-risk markers. If treatment has changed or blood sugar levels are not optimal, HbA1C tests are recommended every 3 months. If levels are stable, testing can occur every 6 months.Β 

Based on previous results, additional lab tests may be suggested. If results do not improve, healthcare providers may recommend more frequent testing or starting preventive medications.

[signup]

Key Takeaways

  • Early detection of elevated blood sugar levels and other biomarkers allows for timely interventions that can prevent or delay the onset of diabetes and its complications.
  • Both healthcare providers and patients share the responsibility of proactively managing diabetes risk.
  • Regular testing helps track health changes and empowers patients to make informed lifestyle decisions.
  • Incorporating healthy dietary choices, regular physical activity, and routine monitoring into daily routines can significantly improve overall well-being.
The information provided is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult with your doctor or other qualified healthcare provider before taking any dietary supplement or making any changes to your diet or exercise routine.
Learn More
No items found.

Lab Tests in This Article

No lab tests!

Abushamat, L. A., McClatchey, P. M., Scalzo, R. L., & Reusch, J. E. B. (2023, January 6). The role of exercise in diabetes. PubMed; MDText.com, Inc. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549946/

Achuff, J. (2024, February 6). How to lower your patient’s triglycerides using root cause medicine. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/how-to-lower-your-patients-triglycerides-using-root-cause-medicine

Alanine Aminotransferase. (n.d.). Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/biomarkers/alt

Albumin/Creatinine Ratio | Rupa Health. (2020). Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/biomarkers/albumin-creatinine-ratio

American Diabetes Association. (n.d.). Diabetes Risk Test | ADA. Diabetes.org. https://diabetes.org/diabetes-risk-test

American Diabetes Association. (n.d.). Insulin Basics | ADA. Diabetes.org. https://diabetes.org/health-wellness/medication/insulin-basics

American Diabetes Association. (n.d.). Tools to Know Your Risk | ADA. Diabetes.org. https://diabetes.org/tools-resources/tests-calculators

American Diabetes Association. (2023). Understanding Diabetes Diagnosis. Diabetes.org. https://diabetes.org/about-diabetes/diagnosis

American Diabetes Association. (2024). What Are My Options for Type 2 Diabetes Medications? | ADA. Diabetes.org. https://diabetes.org/health-wellness/medication/oral-other-injectable-diabetes-medications

Aspartate Aminotransferase. (n.d.). Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/biomarkers/ast

BartolomΓ©, A. (2023). The Pancreatic Beta Cell: Editorial. Biomolecules, 13(3), 495–495. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom13030495

Bertagna, B. (2024, January 10). The Diabetes Diet: Nutritional Guidelines to Help Manage Blood Sugar. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/the-diabetes-diet-nutritional-guidelines-to-help-manage-blood-sugar

Blake, K. (2023, October 12). Prescribing Fruits and Vegetables to Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Comprehensive Guide. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/prescribing-fruits-and-vegetables-to-patients-with-type-2-diabetes-a-comprehensive-guide

CDC. (2022, September 22). Take the Test - Prediabetes | Diabetes | CDC. Www.cdc.gov. https://www.cdc.gov/prediabetes/risktest/index.html

CDC. (2024, May 13). Prediabetes – Your Chance to Prevent Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes. https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/prevention-type-2/prediabetes-prevent-type-2.html

CDC. (2024, June 21). Your Diabetes Care Schedule. Diabetes. https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/treatment/your-diabetes-care-schedule.html

Christie, J. (2022, December 13). 95% of American’s Aren’t Getting Enough Fiber: How Many Grams Should We Be Consuming Per Day? www.rupahealth.com. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/95-of-americans-arent-getting-enough-fiber-how-many-grams-of-fiber-should-we-be-consuming-per-day

Cloyd, J. (2023, April 7). Functional medicine high cholesterol protocol. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/functional-medicine-high-cholesterol-protocol

Cloyd, J. (2023, May 1). A Functional Medicine Protocol for Coronary Artery Disease. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/a-functional-medicine-protocol-for-coronary-artery-disease

Cloyd, J. (2023, May 18). Complementary and Integrative Medicine Approaches to Managing High Blood Pressure: Specialty Testing, Lifestyle Modifications, and Natural Remedies. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/complementary-and-integrative-medicine-approaches-to-managing-high-blood-pressure-testing-lifestyle-modifications-and-natural-remedies

Cloyd, J. (2023, May 24). What are digestive enzymes: How to test your patients levels. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/what-are-digestive-enzymes-how-to-test-your-patients-levels

Cloyd, J. (2023, June 27). Utilizing Functional Medicine Labs In Practice To Help Individualize Nutrition Options for Type 2 Diabetics. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/3-functional-medicine-labs-that-can-help-individualize-nutrition-options-for-type-2-diabetics

Cloyd, J. (2023, December 12). Managing Blood Sugar Levels During Holiday Feasts: A Guide for Diabetics. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/managing-blood-sugar-levels-during-holiday-feasts-a-guide-for-diabetics

Cloyd, J. (2024, January 19). Understanding the Role of Kidney Function Tests in Comprehensive Health Assessments. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/understanding-the-role-of-kidney-function-tests-in-comprehensive-health-assessments

Cloyd, J. (2024, January 22). Interpreting Liver Enzyme Tests: ALT, AST, and ALP in Liver Health Monitoring. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/interpreting-liver-enzyme-tests-alt-ast-and-alp-in-liver-health-monitoring

Cloyd, J. (2024, August 30). High ALT Levels Explained: Causes, Symptoms, and Key Biomarkers. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/high-alt-levels-explained-causes-symptoms-and-key-biomarkers

Cloyd, J. (2024d, September 12). Understanding High Creatinine: Causes, Tests, and Next Steps for Patients and Practitioners. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/understanding-high-creatinine-causes-tests-and-next-steps-for-patients-and-practitioners

Creatinine. (n.d.). Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/biomarkers/creatinine

Creedon, K. (2022, February 15). 6 lifestyle factors that affect longevity. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/a-functional-medicine-approach-to-longevity

Daglis, S. (2024, February 20). Exploring the Potential of Personal Heart Monitors in Preventive Cardiovascular Care. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/exploring-the-potential-of-personal-heart-monitors-in-preventive-cardiovascular-care

DeCesaris, L. (2024, January 3). Epigenetics and Diet: How Food Influences Gene Expression. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/epigenetics-and-diet-how-food-influences-gene-expression

DePorto, T. (2023, January 5). Signs you have an electrolyte imbalance & how to fix it. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/electrolytes

Dera, J. D. (2019). Risk Stratification: A Two-Step Process for Identifying Your Sickest Patients. Family Practice Management, 26(3), 21–26. https://www.aafp.org/pubs/fpm/issues/2019/0500/p21.html

Drobin, J. (2023, August 4). Steven’s Journey To Reversing Type 2 Diabetes Naturally: A Case Study. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/stevens-journey-to-reversing-type-2-diabetes-naturally-a-case-study

Fasting Glucose. (n.d.). Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/biomarkers/fasting-glucose

Garrison, K. (2024, July 23). Insulin Resistance Vs. Prediabetes: What You Need To Know. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/insulin-resistance-vs-prediabetes

Gerow, S. (2024, June 14). Cortisol and Alcohol: Understanding the Connection. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/cortisol-and-alcohol-understanding-the-connection

Glucose. (n.d.). Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/biomarkers/glucose

Greenan, S. (2021, October 11). 7 Early Signs Of Insulin Resistance. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/what-is-insulin-resistance

Hannah. (2019, August 10). Is Sitting The New Smoking? - The Heart Foundation. The Heart Foundation. https://theheartfoundation.org/2019/08/10/is-sitting-the-new-smoking/

Hemoglobin A1C. (n.d.). Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/biomarkers/hba1c

High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol. (n.d.). Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/biomarkers/hdl

IHME. (2023, June 22). Global Diabetes Cases to Soar from 529 Million to 1.3 Billion by 2050 | the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. Www.healthdata.org. https://www.healthdata.org/news-events/newsroom/news-releases/global-diabetes-cases-soar-529-million-13-billion-2050

Khakham, C. (2023, March 28). An integrative medicine approach to kidney disease. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/an-integrative-medicine-approach-to-kidney-disease

Khakham, C. (2023, April 6). Understanding Your Risk of Cardiovascular Disease With Functional Medicine Labs. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/understanding-your-risk-of-cardiovascular-disease-with-functional-medicine-labs

Khakham, C. (2023, July 10). Understanding Environmental Toxins and Their Impact on Health. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/understanding-environmental-toxins-and-their-impact-on-health

Lee, S. (2024, March 8). Does Exercise Affect Men And Women Differently? Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/does-exercise-affect-men-and-women-differently

Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol. (n.d.). Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/biomarkers/ldl

Maholy, N. (2023, February 22). Improving Gut Health With Exercise. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/improving-gut-health-with-exercise

Maholy, N. (2023, May 26). Integrative Nutrition Approaches to Managing Blood Sugar Levels. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/integrative-nutrition-approaches-to-managing-blood-sugar-levels

Maholy, N. (2023, June 21). Evidence based benefits of physical activity for neurological health. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/evidence-based-benefits-of-exercise-and-physical-activity-for-neurological-health

Mayo Clinic. (2022, March 24). Glucose tolerance test - Mayo Clinic. Mayoclinic.org. https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/glucose-tolerance-test/about/pac-20394296

Mayo Clinic. (2023, March 14). Type 2 diabetes. Mayo Clinic. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/type-2-diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20351193

Mayo Clinic. (2023, September 15). Diabetes - Diagnosis and treatment. Mayoclinic.org. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20371451

Mayo Clinic. (2024, January 16). Blood sugar testing: Why, when and how. Mayo Clinic. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/in-depth/blood-sugar/art-20046628

MedlinePlus. (2018). C-Peptide Test: MedlinePlus Lab Test Information. Medlineplus.gov. https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/c-peptide-test/

MedlinePlus. (2022, September 6). Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) Test: MedlinePlus Lab Test Information. Medlineplus.gov. https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/hemoglobin-a1c-hba1c-test/

Mikkola, I., Morgan, S., Winell, K., Jokelainen, J., Frittitta, L., Heikkala, E., & HagnΓ€s, M. (2022). Association of personalised care plans with monitoring and control of clinical outcomes, prescription of medication and utilisation of primary care services in patients with type 2 diabetes: an observational real-world study. Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care, 40(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1080/02813432.2022.2036458

Mount Sinai. (2024). Hemoglobin Information | Mount Sinai - New York. Mount Sinai Health System. https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/tests/hemoglobin

Type 2 Diabetes. (2017, May). National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/diabetes/overview/what-is-diabetes/type-2-diabetes

Orbeta, R. (2022, June 6). 10 Type 2 Diabetes Risk Factors You May Not Know About. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/what-causes-type-2-diabetes

Perera, H. (2024, April 11). The Ultimate Fiber Foods List: Boost Your Health with High-Fiber Choices. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/ultimate-fiber-foods-list

Preston, J. (2023, June 14). Unraveling the Sweet Truth: A Comprehensive Review of Artificial Sweeteners and Their Effects on Blood Sugar Levels. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/a-review-on-artificial-sweeteners-and-their-impact-on-blood-sugar-levels-specialty-testing-and-how-to-balance-blood-sugar-with-nutrition

Red Blood Cells. (n.d.). Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/biomarkers/rbc

Reddy, A., Sessums, L., Gupta, R., Jin, J., Day, T., Finke, B., & Bitton, A. (2017). Risk Stratification Methods and Provision of Care Management Services in Comprehensive Primary Care Initiative Practices. The Annals of Family Medicine, 15(5), 451–454. https://doi.org/10.1370/afm.2124

Santaguida, P. L., Balion, C., Hunt, D., Morrison, K., Gerstein, H., Raina, P., Booker, L., & Yazdi, H. (2005). Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Treatment of Impaired Glucose Tolerance and Impaired Fasting Glucose: Summary. In www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK11923/

Sharma, M. (2024, January 26). Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM): Revolutionizing Diabetes Care in Functional Medicine. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/continuous-glucose-monitoring-cgm-revolutionizing-diabetes-care-in-functional-medicine

Stanford, J. (2024, January 19). Functional Medicine Interventions for Obesity in Diabetic Patients: A Comprehensive Approach. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/functional-medicine-interventions-for-obesity-in-diabetic-patients-a-comprehensive-approach

Stanford, J. (2024, February 19). The Hidden Perils of Refined Carbohydrates: What Every Healthcare Professional Needs to Know. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/the-hidden-perils-of-refined-carbohydrates-what-every-healthcare-professional-needs-to-know

Stanford, J. (2024, March 19). Exploring the Link Between Insulin Resistance and Obesity. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/insulin-resistance-obesity

Stanford, J. (2024, May 31). How protein affects metabolism: Impacts and insights. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/how-protein-affects-metabolism-impacts-and-insights

Sweetnich, J. (2023, May 24). Overview of The Pancreas: Top Conditions, Specialty Testing, and Integrative Medicine Treatment Options. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/pancrease-101-with-testing-top-conditions

Sweetnich, J. (2023, June 15). What is the Diabetes Plate Method? Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/what-is-the-diabetes-plate-method

Sweetnich, J. (2023, June 28). 4 Ways to Monitor Your Heart Health Throughout The Year. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/4-ways-to-monitor-your-heart-health-throughout-the-year

Teeter, L. A. (2023, April 4). Functional Nutrition Strategies For Weight Management and Metabolic Health. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/functional-nutrition-strategies-for-weight-management-and-metabolic-health

Total Cholesterol. (n.d.). Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/biomarkers/total-cholesterol-d8055

Triglycerides. (n.d.). Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/biomarkers/triglycerides

Understanding Your Cholesterol Numbers | Cleveland Clinic. (2022). Cleveland Clinic. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/11920-cholesterol-numbers-what-do-they-mean

Weinberg, J. (2024, August 20). Understanding High Albumin Levels: Causes, Symptoms, and Lab Tests Explained. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/understanding-high-albumin-levels-causes-symptoms-and-lab-tests-explained

Weinberg, J. L. (2023, March 7). An Integrative Medicine Approach to Diabetic Neuropathy. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/an-integrative-medicine-approach-to-diabetic-neuropathy

WHO. (2023, April 5). Diabetes. World Health Organisation; WHO. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/diabetes

Yoshimura, H. (2023, October 10). A Root Cause Medicine Approach to Chronic Inflammation. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/a-root-cause-medicine-approach-to-chronic-inflammation

Yoshimura, H. (2023, October 12). Top 4 Herbs For Liver Health and How to Use Them: An Evidence-Based Approach. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/top-4-herbs-for-liver-health-and-how-to-use-them-an-evidence-based-approach

Yoshimura, H. (2023, October 23). How to Support Your Liver Health With Nutritional Interventions in Functional Medicine. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/nutritional-interventions-in-functional-medicine-for-liver-support

Yoshimura, H. (2023, October 31). Functional Fitness: Integrative Approaches to Muscle Health and Hormonal Regulation in Men. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/functional-fitness-integrative-approaches-to-muscle-health-and-hormonal-regulation-in-men

Yoshimura, H. (2023, November 7). The remarkable power of exercise on our health: A comprehensive overview. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/the-remarkable-power-of-exercise-on-our-health-a-comprehensive-overview

Yoshimura, H. (2023, November 13). Sweat It Out: The Powerful Connection Between Exercise and Insulin Sensitivity. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/sweat-it-out-the-powerful-connection-between-exercise-and-insulin-sensitivity

Yoshimura, H. (2023, November 27). From Spoonfuls to Symptoms: The Sugar-Diabetes Connection Explained. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/from-spoonfuls-to-symptoms-the-sugar-diabetes-connection-explained

Yoshimura, H. (2024, August 16). How Much Natural Sugar Per Day Is Safe? Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/how-much-natural-sugar-per-day-is-safe

Subscribe to the Magazine for free to keep reading!
Subscribe for free to keep reading, If you are already subscribed, enter your email address to log back in.
Thanks for subscribing!
Oops! Something went wrong while submitting the form.
Are you a healthcare practitioner?
Thanks for subscribing!
Oops! Something went wrong while submitting the form.
Trusted Source
Rupa Health
Medical Education Platform
Visit Source
American Cancer Society
Foundation for Cancer Research
Visit Source
National Library of Medicine
Government Authority
Visit Source
Journal of The American College of Radiology
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
National Cancer Institute
Government Authority
Visit Source
World Health Organization (WHO)
Government Authority
Visit Source
The Journal of Pediatrics
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
CDC
Government Authority
Visit Source
Office of Dietary Supplements
Government Authority
Visit Source
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute
Government Authority
Visit Source
National Institutes of Health
Government Authority
Visit Source
Clinical Infectious Diseases
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
Brain
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
The Journal of Rheumatology
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
Journal of the National Cancer Institute (JNCI)
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
Hepatology
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
Kidney International
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
Annals of Surgery
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
Chest
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
The Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
Blood
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
Gastroenterology
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
The American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
The American Journal of Psychiatry
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
Diabetes Care
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
The Journal of the American College of Cardiology (JACC)
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
The Journal of Clinical Oncology (JCO)
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
Journal of Clinical Investigation (JCI)
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
Circulation
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
JAMA Internal Medicine
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
PLOS Medicine
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
Annals of Internal Medicine
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
Nature Medicine
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
The BMJ (British Medical Journal)
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
The Lancet
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA)
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
Pubmed
Comprehensive biomedical database
Visit Source
Harvard
Educational/Medical Institution
Visit Source
Cleveland Clinic
Educational/Medical Institution
Visit Source
Mayo Clinic
Educational/Medical Institution
Visit Source
The New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM)
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
Johns Hopkins
Educational/Medical Institution
Visit Source