Add-On: Fecal SIgA

This is a single-marker test measuring fecal secretory IgA. It can be added on to the GI Effects® Fundamentals profiles.

What is the Add-On: Fecal SIgA by Genova Diagnostics?

This test measures levels of secretory IgA (SIgA) in the stool. 

SIgA is the primary antibody type found in mucosal secretions, with most IgA-producing plasma cells residing in the mucosal membranes of the intestines. SIgA plays a crucial role in defending against pathogen adhesion and intrusion through the intestinal barrier. [3.]

It can bind to pathogenic microorganisms and some toxins, facilitating removal of these invaders. [5.]

Additionally, it helps maintain intestinal balance by regulating the composition of gut microbiota, contributing to overall intestinal health.

What is the Clinical Relevance of the Add-On: Fecal SIgA by Genova Diagnostics?

Elevated levels of secretory IgA (SIgA) can indicate an active immune response in the gastrointestinal tract, serving as a defense against various challenges. While this response is typically protective, persistent elevation may suggest underlying conditions or chronic inflammation, including celiac disease or inflammatory bowel disease. 

Factors such as pathogen presence, chronic diseases, exposure to allergens including food allergens, environmental toxins or irritants can contribute to heightened SIgA levels, as observed in gastrointestinal infections or ongoing inflammation. [3., 4.]

Conversely, low levels of SIgA often signal compromised mucosal immune health, commonly associated with chronic gastrointestinal diseases like celiac disease or inflammatory bowel disease. 

Chronic infections within the gut as well as chronic stress can also suppress SIgA, leading to increased gut permeability and susceptibility to further gastrointestinal issues, exacerbating dysbiosis and immune system strain. [1., 2., 6.]

Who Can Benefit from the Add-On: Fecal SIgA by Genova Diagnostics?

Individuals experiencing gastrointestinal symptoms such as chronic diarrhea, abdominal pain, bloating, or irregular bowel movements.

Patients with suspected or diagnosed inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) such as Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis.

Individuals with celiac disease or gluten sensitivity, to monitor gut health and immune response.

Those with chronic infections or dysbiosis in the gastrointestinal tract, to assess mucosal immune function.

Individuals with autoimmune conditions affecting the gastrointestinal system.

Patients undergoing treatment for chronic gastrointestinal disorders, to monitor disease activity and treatment effectiveness.

People with a family history of gastrointestinal disorders or autoimmune diseases, to assess risk and early detection.

Individuals with a history of chronic stress, as stress can impact mucosal immunity and gut health.

Patients with suspected food allergies or intolerances, as SIgA levels can indicate immune reactions to specific foods.

Individuals undergoing gut health optimization or preventive care, to assess overall mucosal immune function and gastrointestinal health.

People interested in exploring the connection between their gut health and stress levels.  

Collection and Shipping 

This test is an add-on, and it will be assessed in the sample provided by the patient for the full GI Effects profile.  Click here for Collection and Shipping Instructions.  

Additional Resources for Practitioners

Video: Interpreting the GI Effects Profile

Article: Using the GI Effects Test in Clinic

References

[1.] Amimo JO, Michael H, Chepngeno J, Raev SA, Saif LJ, Vlasova AN. Immune Impairment Associated with Vitamin A Deficiency: Insights from Clinical Studies and Animal Model Research. Nutrients. 2022 Nov 26;14(23):5038. doi: 10.3390/nu14235038. PMID: 36501067; PMCID: PMC9738822. 

[2.] Househam AM, Peterson CT, Mills PJ, Chopra D. The Effects of Stress and Meditation on the Immune System, Human Microbiota, and Epigenetics. Adv Mind Body Med. 2017 Fall;31(4):10-25. PMID: 29306937.

[3.] Mantis, N., Rol, N. & Corthésy, B. Secretory IgA's complex roles in immunity and mucosal homeostasis in the gut. Mucosal Immunol 4, 603–611 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1038/mi.2011.41 

[4.] Mantis NJ, Forbes SJ. Secretory IgA: arresting microbial pathogens at epithelial borders. Immunol Invest. 2010;39(4-5):383-406. doi: 10.3109/08820131003622635. PMID: 20450284; PMCID: PMC3774547.

[5.] Pietrzak B, Tomela K, Olejnik-Schmidt A, Mackiewicz A, Schmidt M. Secretory IgA in Intestinal Mucosal Secretions as an Adaptive Barrier against Microbial Cells. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Dec 4;21(23):9254. doi: 10.3390/ijms21239254. PMID: 33291586; PMCID: PMC7731431. 

[6.] Vancamelbeke M, Vermeire S. The intestinal barrier: a fundamental role in health and disease. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017 Sep;11(9):821-834. doi: 10.1080/17474124.2017.1343143. Epub 2017 Jun 26. PMID: 28650209; PMCID: PMC6104804.