The Top 6 Benefits of Slippery Elm That Everyone Should Know

Slippery elm, scientifically known as Ulmus rubra, is a tree native to North America and has been used for centuries by Native American tribes for its medicinal properties. The inner bark of the slippery elm tree is rich in mucilage, a substance that becomes gel-like when mixed with water, giving it a slippery and soothing texture. Traditionally, indigenous peoples used slippery elm to create salves, poultices, and teas to treat various ailments. Its mucilaginous nature makes it effective in soothing sore throats, coughs, and digestive issues such as gastritis and ulcers. (17, 18) 

Slippery elm holds significant importance in medicine due to its demulcent and emollient properties. The mucilage in slippery elm acts as a protective layer, coating the throat, stomach, and intestines, relieving irritation and inflammation. Its historical uses and ongoing applications in natural medicine showcase its enduring significance in promoting overall well-being. Despite the limited scientific evidence supporting the reported benefits of this herb, it continues to be used frequently in herbal remedies and natural supplements to alleviate inflammatory symptoms. (17) 

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Top Health Benefits of Slippery Elm

Slippery elm offers a range of health benefits due to its demulcent properties. Slippery elm's therapeutic effects can be attributed to its high concentration of mucilage and polysaccharides. The crude herb is also rich in vitamins, minerals, and antioxidant flavonoids. One of its primary advantages is its ability to soothe digestive and respiratory ailments. However, its mucilaginous and demulcent properties can be extended to other clinical applications, showcasing slippery elm's versatility in promoting health. (18) 

Benefits of Slippery Elm for Gastrointestinal Health

When mixed with water, slippery elm creates a protective gel that coats irritated tissues, creating a physical barrier against gastric acid and other inflammatory triggers and soothing inflamed mucous membranes of the digestive tract. Additionally, slippery elm has been recognized as an effective treatment for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), attributed to its antioxidant properties. Mucilages also fall under the category of bulk laxatives, absorbing liquid in the intestines to form soft, bulky stool; in this regard, slippery elm can treat constipation and promote healthy bowel movements. (18) 

A clinical trial found that a formula consisting of powdered slippery elm bark, lactulose, oat bran, and licorice root helps improve irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms, especially in patients with predominant constipation-type IBS. Participants taking the formula experienced increased bowel movement frequency, improved stool consistency with reduced straining, and less abdominal pain and bloating. 

Another study found that a formula containing slippery elm, curcumin, aloe vera, guar gum, pectin, peppermint oil, and glutamine improved heartburn associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), indigestion, nausea, constipation, diarrhea by 60-80% after one month of use. Additionally, the formula reduced intestinal permeability, as measured by normal lactulose-to-mannitol ratios, and improved the microbial profile of participants' intestinal microbiomes. At the end of the trial, one-third of the patients could reintroduce previously triggering foods into their diets without symptom aggravation. 

How Slippery Elm Supports Respiratory Wellness

Slippery elm's demulcent nature can be translated to respiratory health. The soothing gel that slippery elm forms can calm irritated tissues of the mouth and throat, making it an effective herbal medicine for treating coughs and sore throats. However, mucilage exhibits versatile properties beyond its demulcent effects; it has been observed to facilitate expectoration (clearing mucus and other materials from the airways) and soothe airway muscle spasms. This action is believed to occur through spinal reflex signaling mediated by the vagus nerve. (1, 18) 

Slippery Elm for Skin Health

Slippery elm is not just beneficial internally; it also offers notable advantages in addressing various skin conditions. Its mucilaginous substance makes it an excellent emollient, known for its ability to soothe and soften the skin. When applied topically as a poultice or salve, slippery elm relieves burns, wounds, boils, and other skin irritations. Its natural anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties aid in reducing swelling and redness while promoting healing. The mucilage creates a protective barrier on the skin, shielding it from further irritation and allowing the affected area to recover more quickly. (14) 

The gut plays a vital role in maintaining skin health due to the intricate gut-skin axis, a bi-directional communication system between the gastrointestinal tract and the skin. A balanced and diverse gut microbiota is crucial for immune function and overall health. When the gut microbiota is in balance, it helps regulate the immune response, reduces inflammation, and supports the integrity of the gut lining. However, imbalances in the gut, such as dysbiosis or increased intestinal permeability (leaky gut), can lead to systemic inflammation and trigger various skin conditions. Studies have indicated that certain gastrointestinal issues, like IBD, IBS, and gluten sensitivity, are often associated with skin problems. Therefore, slippery elm administered orally has indirect positive effects on skin health through its ability to reduce intestinal inflammation and maintain a healthy gut environment.

Slippery Elm for Weight Management 

Slippery elm can contribute to weight loss and management due to its high fiber content. When consumed, the fiber in slippery elm creates a feeling of fullness, reducing overall appetite and calorie intake. This sense of satiety can prevent overeating and snacking, aiding in weight management. (18) 

High blood sugar levels lead to weight gain because excessive sugar in the bloodstream is converted to stored body fat. High-fiber foods (i.e., slippery elm) slow the rate of digestion and cause a more gradual and lower rise in blood sugar. In vitro studies have shown that slippery elm helps to control blood sugar levels, which could support healthy weight management. 

Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Slippery Elm

The mucilaginous characteristic of slippery elm, discussed in detail earlier in this article, makes this herb inherently anti-inflammatory. Mucilage coats the tissues it comes in contact with to soothe inflammation and irritation.

Moreover, slippery elm contains other compounds, such as antioxidants and various polyphenols, contributing to its anti-inflammatory effects. These constituents work synergistically to combat oxidative stress, which has been linked to the development and progression of chronic diseases. By targeting inflammation, slippery elm can assist in managing conditions related to chronic inflammation, making it a valuable component of holistic health approaches. 

Immune System Supportive Properties of Slippery Elm

Not only are robust antioxidant systems required for combating oxidative stress and inflammation, but they are also necessary for optimal immune responses. However, slippery elm's immunoprotective effects likely extend beyond its antioxidant profile. The intestinal microbiota can partially digest mucilage into beneficial metabolites called short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). SCFAs support the immune system by acting as signaling molecules, regulating immune cell functions, and promoting the development of anti-inflammatory responses. They also maintain the integrity of the gut barrier, preventing harmful substances from entering the bloodstream and modulating immune responses, which is vital for overall immune health.

(10, 18) 

Side Effects and Precautions of Slippery Elm

Slippery elm may interfere with the absorption of essential medications and other dietary/natural supplements due to its mucilaginous nature. Taking slippery elm supplements separately from other medications by at least two hours is advisable to prevent any potential interactions. (17) 

While many consider slippery elm safe during pregnancy and breastfeeding, there is insufficient scientific evidence regarding the safety of using slippery elm in pregnant and lactating populations. Do not take herbal supplements when pregnant or breastfeeding unless supervised by a doctor. (17) 

Due to its swelling properties when mixed with water, slippery elm could potentially cause gastrointestinal obstruction in individuals with esophageal narrowing or other gastrointestinal disorders. As with any fiber supplement, slippery elm should be administered with plenty of water to avoid constipation and obstruction. It is crucial to consult a healthcare professional before using slippery elm if you have a history of such conditions. (18) 

It is also important to note there are environmental and sustainability concerns for slippery elm related to Dutch elm disease, which is destroying the slippery elm tree population. While it is essential to recognize the medicinal value of this plant, overuse can contribute to the depletion of natural tree populations. Because of this, herbalists and doctors will often recommend using other demulcent herbs, when indicated, as more sustainable herbal therapeutic options.

Incorporating Slippery Elm Into Your Daily Routine

Most commonly, slippery elm is administered as a gruel (a bark powder mixed into water to make a gel-like mixture). A typical dose is one tablespoon of powder per cup of water. However, slippery elm is available in multiple forms, including tablets, capsules, lozenges, powder, and crude bark. The dosage form and administered dose will vary depending on individual circumstances and desired outcomes. It is always advised to consult a healthcare professional before starting any supplement to ensure safe and effective dosing. (17)

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Summary

The health benefits of slippery elm, rooted in its rich traditional history of use, continue to be valued in modern times. Its remarkable properties, from soothing irritated throats and gastrointestinal issues to promoting skin health, make it a versatile and valuable natural remedy. While its applications are diverse, it is crucial to approach the usage of slippery elm with caution and knowledge. Medical-grade slippery elm supplements can offer substantial health benefits when used under the careful supervision of knowledgeable healthcare providers or herbalists.