Title
Subscribe to the Magazine for free
Subscribe for free to keep reading! If you are already subscribed, enter your email address to log back in.
Thanks for subscribing!
Oops! Something went wrong while submitting the form.
Are you a healthcare practitioner?
Thanks for subscribing!
Oops! Something went wrong while submitting the form.

The Role of Diet in Managing H. pylori Infection

Why This Was Updated?

Our specialists regularly review advancements in health and wellness, ensuring our articles are updated with the newest information as it becomes accessible.
Medically Reviewed by

Helicobacter pylori (or H. pylori) infection is one of the most prevalant bacterial infections worldwide and the primary cause of at least 90% of peptic ulcer disease (PUD) cases in the United States. Left untreated, chronic inflammation of the stomach lining due to H. pylori is the strongest risk factor for developing gastric cancer.

Medical treatment with antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) is essential for eradicating an underlying H. pylori infection. However, dietary choices have protective effects against the outcomes of an H. pylori infection, including symptom relief and reduced severity. This article explores how diet and personalized nutrition strategies play a supportive role in treating H. pylori. 

[signup]

Understanding H. pylori Infection

H. pylori is a gram-negative, spiral bacterium found in the stomach. H. pylori infection is highly prevalent in developing countries with low socioeconomic status. It is commonly contracted during childhood and transmitted through the fecal-oral and oral-oral routes. It can thrive in the stomach's harsh, acidic environment and cause chronic inflammation of the gastric lining.

An underlying H. pylori infection is often asymptomatic. However, it can present with the following clinical symptoms:

  • Indigestion
  • Nausea & Vomiting
  • Abdominal Pain
  • Loss of Appetite
  • Unintentional Weight Loss

If left untreated, an active H. pylori infection can quickly progress from gastritis and PUD to gastric cancer or gastric lymphoma. Given the significant risk associated with developing stomach cancer, it is essential to create an effective treatment strategy supported by dietary choices to promote recovery.

Medical Treatment for H. pylori Infection

Conventional treatment of H. pylori infection includes a combination of at least two (2) antibiotics and acid-suppressing medication. Two antibiotics are used at once to prevent antibiotic resistance. Acid-suppressing drugs such as proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are used concomitantly to reduce the production of stomach acid and increase gastric pH. 

Lowering the stomach pH is essential for the bactericidal effect of the antibiotics to take effect. This treatment strategy is known as triple therapy, and it aims to increase therapeutic effectiveness and minimize the risk of developing antibiotic resistance.

First-line Therapy of H. pylori

PPI + Clarithromycin + Amoxicillin or Metronidazole + Bismuth Compounds for 14 days

Second-line Therapy of H. pylori (if treatment failure with first-line therapy)

PPI + Tetracycline + Metronidazole + Bismuth Compounds for 14 days

Risks of Treatment

The risk of developing antibiotic resistance is a common challenge when treating an active H. pylori infection, specifically resistance to clarithromycin therapy. It is critical to retest for H. pylori four (4) weeks after completing antibiotics with a urea breath test or stool test to ensure the bacterium has been successfully eradicated. 

Antibiotics are notorious for disrupting the gut microbiome and causing gastrointestinal distress, such as nausea and diarrhea. Concurrently, using probiotics and modifying our diet can enhance treatment efficacy, reducing side effects and reliance on antibiotics.

How to Use Dietary Interventions for H. pylori Management

Probiotic Foods

Oral administration of antibiotics is associated with gut microbial dysbiosis, which results in diarrhea and gastrointestinal discomfort. Using probiotics in conjunction with antibiotic therapy for H. pylori has significantly reduced the incidence of antibiotic-associated diarrhea.

Consuming probiotic-rich foods during and after antibiotic treatment supports gut health and helps restore healthy gut microbiota disturbed by antibiotics. Probiotics increase the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines, thus reducing inflammation caused by an active H. pylori infection and supporting the healing of the stomach lining.

It is important to supplement our daily diet with various food sources rich in live, active probiotic cultures to increase microbial diversity and replenish our gut microbiome.  Some examples include:

  • Yogurt: 1 cup (8 ounces) daily
  • Kefir: 1 cup (8 ounces) daily
  • Sauerkraut: 2-3 tablespoons daily
  • Kimchi: 2-3 tablespoons daily
  • Low-sugar Kombucha: 1 cup (8 ounces) daily
  • Pickles: 1-2 pickles daily

Polyphenols and Antioxidant Foods

Polyphenols are bioactive compounds naturally present in colorful plant foods with potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. H. pylori produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the stomach that cause oxidative DNA damage (9) in the stomach lining. 

Gastric cancer develops due to the DNA damage caused by H. pylori. Polyphenols help protect our body against oxidative stress from inflammation or infectious processes.

Here are some foods known for their rich antioxidant content:

Berries

  • Berries are packed with polyphenols, such as flavonoids and anthocyanins, and have strong antioxidant activity to help prevent inflammation. 
  • Berries (commonly blueberries) are also rich in vitamin C, which contributes to a synergistic antioxidant effect. 
  • Polyphenols found in cranberries interfere with H. pylori's ability to adhere to the stomach lining and prevent the progression of the infection. 
  • Eating one cup of fresh berries every day can support the health of the gastric mucosa.

Green Tea

  • The major polyphenol in green tea is epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), with critical antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. 
  • Combining EGCG with antibiotics was shown to significantly increase its antibacterial activity against the growth of H. pylori. 
  • An average cup of green tea contains 50 to 150 mg of polyphenols. 
  • 2 to 3 cups of green tea daily can complement antibiotic therapy for H. pylori and reduce the risk of stomach cancer.

Cruciferous Vegetables

  • Cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli, broccoli sprouts, Brussels sprouts, and kale are abundant in sulforaphane – a potent antioxidant with anti-cancer properties.
  • Sulforaphanes induce antioxidant enzymes (9) in the stomach and inhibit oxidative damage of the stomach lining by H. pylori. 
  • These vegetables pack a rich nutritional punch, and one cup of cooked or raw cruciferous vegetables can protect the gastric mucosa.

Polyphenols combined with triple therapy have a synergistic effect, allowing the dose of antibiotics to be lowered. They significantly improve the eradication of H. pylori by reducing bacterial colonization and inflammatory damage to the stomach lining.

Food to Avoid

It is vital to manage dietary choices during and after treatment of H. pylori infection to prevent worsening and support healing of the stomach lining. After treatment, the following foods can be reintroduced gradually and monitored for tolerance.

  • Spicy Foods, including hot peppers, jalapeños, and spices/condiments, irritate the stomach’s mucosal lining and worsen an active H. pylori infection.
  • High-fat Foods, including fried food and processed meats (including bacon and sausage), slow digestion and increase stomach acid production. A study observed that a high-fat diet can act synergistically with H. pylori infection to promote systemic inflammation and worsen symptoms.
  • Alcohol can erode the mucus lining of the stomach and slow down healing during H. Pylori infection. Additionally, alcohol is contraindicated with the use of antibiotics.
  • Caffeine increases the production of stomach acid and worsens symptoms of H. Pylori infection.

Nutritional Supplements and Their Efficacy

Vitamin C is a powerful antioxidant and protective against the development of gastric cancer. 

  • Vitamin C supplementation is recommended after completing a standard antibiotic therapy to prevent reinfection with H. pylori. 
  • The recommended vitamin C dosage per day for healthy women is 75 mg per day and for men is 90 mg daily; daily intake should not exceed 2000 mg daily.

Probiotics increase anti-inflammatory cytokines, reduce proinflammatory cytokines, and promote the eradication of H. pylori. 

  • Probiotics can be used as an adjunct therapy within 2 days of the first antibiotic dose to help recolonize the gut microbiota and prevent antibiotic-associated diarrhea. 
  • Typically, strains of Lactobacillus and Saccharomyces can be taken in doses of 1 to 2 x 1010 CFU (10) per day during and after antibiotic therapy.

Zinc-fortified quadruple therapy reduces H. pylori colonization and improves the outcomes of eradication therapy. 

Monitoring and Evaluation

Patients should consult with a healthcare professional for personalized dietary guidance and assess the impact of their diet on H. pylori infection and treatment outcomes.

Symptom Diaries

  • A daily food diary detailing foods consumed with associated symptoms, including bloating, nausea, pain, and other GI issues, can be useful for adjusting dietary strategies.
  • The symptom diary should be maintained throughout treatment and 4 weeks after treatment to identify symptom patterns linked to specific foods.

Follow-up Testing

  • A non-invasive diagnostic urea breath test or stool antigen test must be performed at least 4 weeks after completing antibiotics and PPIs to confirm successful eradication of H. pylori.
  • A positive test result indicates the presence of H. pylori and the need for further treatment.

Clinical Biomarkers

Lab testing can be used post-treatment to monitor inflammatory markers, micronutrient deficiencies, and overall gut health in response to antibiotic therapy and dietary modifications.

  • GI-MAP is a comprehensive test used to determine gut microbial imbalances post-antibiotic therapy.
  • Micronutrient deficiencies are common with H. pylori infections. A Micronutrient Test can be a useful tool for determining nutritional status and recommending dietary supplementation to boost the body’s immune function.
  • Inflammatory markers like C-reactive Protein (CRP) can be used to observe reduced inflammation, which indicates healing of the stomach lining and symptom improvement.

[signup]

Key Takeaways

  1. Helicobacter pylori infection is among the most common bacterial infections worldwide, causing gastritis and peptic ulcer disease.
  2. H. pylori infection can cause indigestion, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, and weight loss.
  3. If untreated, chronic inflammation of the stomach lining due to H. pylori infection can lead to stomach cancer.
  4. Conventional treatment of H. pylori infection includes a combination of antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors for 14 days. Bismuth compounds are added to the treatment regimen to prevent treatment failure.
  5. Four weeks after treatment, a urea breath test or stool antigen test is used to confirm the successful eradication of H. pylori.
  6. While antibiotics and stomach acid suppressors are crucial for eradicating H. pylori, dietary interventions improve treatment outcomes, alleviate the severity of symptoms, and promote gut health.
  7. Probiotics help restore the gut microbiome and prevent antibiotic-associated gastrointestinal distress.
  8. Polyphenols in berries, green tea, and cruciferous vegetables reduce oxidative damage and inflammation caused by H. pylori.
  9. Spicy foods, high-fat foods, alcohol, and caffeine can irritate the stomach lining and exacerbate symptoms and should be avoided during and after treatment.
  10. Supplementing with vitamin C, probiotics, and zinc can enhance the effectiveness of antibiotic therapy and promote a healthy gut.
  11. Symptom diaries, follow-up H. pylori retesting, and clinical biomarkers can be used to confirm the successful eradication of H. pylori infection and evaluate the impact of dietary interventions on reduced inflammation and symptom improvement.

Helicobacter pylori (or H. pylori) infection is one of the most prevalent bacterial infections worldwide and is associated with a significant number of peptic ulcer disease (PUD) cases in the United States. If not addressed, chronic inflammation of the stomach lining due to H. pylori may increase the risk of developing gastric cancer.

Medical treatment with antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) is important for managing an underlying H. pylori infection. However, dietary choices may help support the body's natural defenses and contribute to symptom relief and reduced severity. This article explores how diet and personalized nutrition strategies can play a supportive role in managing H. pylori. 

[signup]

Understanding H. pylori Infection

H. pylori is a gram-negative, spiral bacterium found in the stomach. H. pylori infection is highly prevalent in developing countries with low socioeconomic status. It is commonly contracted during childhood and transmitted through the fecal-oral and oral-oral routes. It can thrive in the stomach's harsh, acidic environment and may contribute to chronic inflammation of the gastric lining.

An underlying H. pylori infection is often asymptomatic. However, it can present with the following clinical symptoms:

  • Indigestion
  • Nausea & Vomiting
  • Abdominal Pain
  • Loss of Appetite
  • Unintentional Weight Loss

If not managed, an active H. pylori infection can progress from gastritis and PUD to gastric cancer or gastric lymphoma. Given the potential risk associated with developing stomach cancer, it is important to create a comprehensive management strategy supported by dietary choices to promote overall well-being.

Medical Treatment for H. pylori Infection

Conventional treatment of H. pylori infection includes a combination of at least two (2) antibiotics and acid-suppressing medication. Two antibiotics are used at once to help prevent antibiotic resistance. Acid-suppressing drugs such as proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are used concomitantly to reduce the production of stomach acid and increase gastric pH. 

Lowering the stomach pH is essential for the antibiotics to be effective. This treatment strategy is known as triple therapy, and it aims to increase therapeutic effectiveness and minimize the risk of developing antibiotic resistance.

First-line Therapy of H. pylori

PPI + Clarithromycin + Amoxicillin or Metronidazole + Bismuth Compounds for 14 days

Second-line Therapy of H. pylori (if treatment failure with first-line therapy)

PPI + Tetracycline + Metronidazole + Bismuth Compounds for 14 days

Risks of Treatment

The risk of developing antibiotic resistance is a common challenge when managing an active H. pylori infection, specifically resistance to clarithromycin therapy. It is critical to retest for H. pylori four (4) weeks after completing antibiotics with a urea breath test or stool test to ensure the bacterium has been successfully managed. 

Antibiotics are known for disrupting the gut microbiome and causing gastrointestinal distress, such as nausea and diarrhea. Concurrently, using probiotics and modifying our diet may help enhance treatment efficacy, reducing side effects and reliance on antibiotics.

How to Use Dietary Interventions for H. pylori Management

Probiotic Foods

Oral administration of antibiotics is associated with gut microbial dysbiosis, which can result in diarrhea and gastrointestinal discomfort. Using probiotics in conjunction with antibiotic therapy for H. pylori has been shown to significantly reduce the incidence of antibiotic-associated diarrhea.

Consuming probiotic-rich foods during and after antibiotic treatment may support gut health and help restore healthy gut microbiota disturbed by antibiotics. Probiotics may increase the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines, thus potentially reducing inflammation and supporting the healing of the stomach lining.

It is important to supplement our daily diet with various food sources rich in live, active probiotic cultures to increase microbial diversity and replenish our gut microbiome.  Some examples include:

  • Yogurt: 1 cup (8 ounces) daily
  • Kefir: 1 cup (8 ounces) daily
  • Sauerkraut: 2-3 tablespoons daily
  • Kimchi: 2-3 tablespoons daily
  • Low-sugar Kombucha: 1 cup (8 ounces) daily
  • Pickles: 1-2 pickles daily

Polyphenols and Antioxidant Foods

Polyphenols are bioactive compounds naturally present in colorful plant foods with potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. H. pylori may produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the stomach that can cause oxidative DNA damage (9) in the stomach lining. 

Gastric cancer may develop due to the DNA damage associated with H. pylori. Polyphenols may help protect our body against oxidative stress from inflammation or infectious processes.

Here are some foods known for their rich antioxidant content:

Berries

  • Berries are packed with polyphenols, such as flavonoids and anthocyanins, and have strong antioxidant activity that may help manage inflammation. 
  • Berries (commonly blueberries) are also rich in vitamin C, which may contribute to a synergistic antioxidant effect. 
  • Polyphenols found in cranberries may interfere with H. pylori's ability to adhere to the stomach lining and help manage the progression of the infection. 
  • Eating one cup of fresh berries every day may support the health of the gastric mucosa.

Green Tea

  • The major polyphenol in green tea is epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), with potential antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. 
  • Combining EGCG with antibiotics was shown to significantly increase its antibacterial activity against the growth of H. pylori in studies. 
  • An average cup of green tea contains 50 to 150 mg of polyphenols. 
  • 2 to 3 cups of green tea daily may complement antibiotic therapy for H. pylori and support overall stomach health.

Cruciferous Vegetables

  • Cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli, broccoli sprouts, Brussels sprouts, and kale are abundant in sulforaphane – a compound with potential antioxidant properties.
  • Sulforaphanes may induce antioxidant enzymes (9) in the stomach and help manage oxidative damage of the stomach lining by H. pylori. 
  • These vegetables pack a rich nutritional punch, and one cup of cooked or raw cruciferous vegetables may support the gastric mucosa.

Polyphenols combined with triple therapy may have a synergistic effect, potentially allowing the dose of antibiotics to be lowered. They may significantly improve the management of H. pylori by reducing bacterial colonization and inflammatory damage to the stomach lining.

Food to Avoid

It is important to manage dietary choices during and after treatment of H. pylori infection to help support healing of the stomach lining. After treatment, the following foods can be reintroduced gradually and monitored for tolerance.

  • Spicy Foods, including hot peppers, jalapeños, and spices/condiments, may irritate the stomach’s mucosal lining and worsen an active H. pylori infection.
  • High-fat Foods, including fried food and processed meats (including bacon and sausage), may slow digestion and increase stomach acid production. A study observed that a high-fat diet can act synergistically with H. pylori infection to promote systemic inflammation and worsen symptoms.
  • Alcohol may erode the mucus lining of the stomach and slow down healing during H. Pylori infection. Additionally, alcohol is contraindicated with the use of antibiotics.
  • Caffeine may increase the production of stomach acid and worsen symptoms of H. Pylori infection.

Nutritional Supplements and Their Efficacy

Vitamin C is a powerful antioxidant and may help support the body's defenses against the development of gastric cancer. 

  • Vitamin C supplementation may be considered after completing a standard antibiotic therapy to help support the body's defenses against H. pylori. 
  • The recommended vitamin C dosage per day for healthy women is 75 mg per day and for men is 90 mg daily; daily intake should not exceed 2000 mg daily.

Probiotics may increase anti-inflammatory cytokines, reduce proinflammatory cytokines, and support the management of H. pylori. 

  • Probiotics can be used as an adjunct therapy within 2 days of the first antibiotic dose to help recolonize the gut microbiota and prevent antibiotic-associated diarrhea. 
  • Typically, strains of Lactobacillus and Saccharomyces can be taken in doses of 1 to 2 x 1010 CFU (10) per day during and after antibiotic therapy.

Zinc-fortified quadruple therapy may help reduce H. pylori colonization and improve the outcomes of management therapy. 

Monitoring and Evaluation

Patients should consult with a healthcare professional for personalized dietary guidance and assess the impact of their diet on H. pylori infection and treatment outcomes.

Symptom Diaries

  • A daily food diary detailing foods consumed with associated symptoms, including bloating, nausea, pain, and other GI issues, can be useful for adjusting dietary strategies.
  • The symptom diary should be maintained throughout treatment and 4 weeks after treatment to identify symptom patterns linked to specific foods.

Follow-up Testing

  • A non-invasive diagnostic urea breath test or stool antigen test must be performed at least 4 weeks after completing antibiotics and PPIs to confirm successful management of H. pylori.
  • A positive test result indicates the presence of H. pylori and the need for further management.

Clinical Biomarkers

Lab testing can be used post-treatment to monitor inflammatory markers, micronutrient deficiencies, and overall gut health in response to antibiotic therapy and dietary modifications.

  • GI-MAP is a comprehensive test used to determine gut microbial imbalances post-antibiotic therapy.
  • Micronutrient deficiencies are common with H. pylori infections. A Micronutrient Test can be a useful tool for determining nutritional status and recommending dietary supplementation to support the body’s immune function.
  • Inflammatory markers like C-reactive Protein (CRP) can be used to observe reduced inflammation, which may indicate healing of the stomach lining and symptom improvement.

[signup]

Key Takeaways

  1. Helicobacter pylori infection is among the most common bacterial infections worldwide, associated with gastritis and peptic ulcer disease.
  2. H. pylori infection can cause indigestion, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, and weight loss.
  3. If not managed, chronic inflammation of the stomach lining due to H. pylori infection may increase the risk of stomach cancer.
  4. Conventional management of H. pylori infection includes a combination of antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors for 14 days. Bismuth compounds are added to the management regimen to help prevent treatment failure.
  5. Four weeks after management, a urea breath test or stool antigen test is used to confirm the successful management of H. pylori.
  6. While antibiotics and stomach acid suppressors are crucial for managing H. pylori, dietary interventions may improve management outcomes, alleviate the severity of symptoms, and support gut health.
  7. Probiotics may help restore the gut microbiome and prevent antibiotic-associated gastrointestinal distress.
  8. Polyphenols in berries, green tea, and cruciferous vegetables may help reduce oxidative damage and inflammation associated with H. pylori.
  9. Spicy foods, high-fat foods, alcohol, and caffeine may irritate the stomach lining and exacerbate symptoms and should be avoided during and after management.
  10. Supplementing with vitamin C, probiotics, and zinc may enhance the effectiveness of antibiotic therapy and support a healthy gut.
  11. Symptom diaries, follow-up H. pylori retesting, and clinical biomarkers can be used to confirm the successful management of H. pylori infection and evaluate the impact of dietary interventions on reduced inflammation and symptom improvement.
The information provided is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult with your doctor or other qualified healthcare provider before taking any dietary supplement or making any changes to your diet or exercise routine.
Learn More
No items found.

Lab Tests in This Article

  1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (1997, October 24). Knowledge About Causes of Peptic Ulcer Disease -- United States, March-April 1997. Www.cdc.gov. https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00049679.htm 
  2. Mayo Clinic. (2022, May 5). A type of bacteria that infects the stomach- Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection - Symptoms & causes. Mayo Clinic. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/h-pylori/symptoms-causes/syc-20356171#complications 
  3. Oxentenko, A., & Mayo Clinic. (2022). Mayo Clinic. Mayo Clinic. https://www.mayoclinic.org/vid-20531368 
  4. Perera, H., & Rupa Health. (2024, May 23). Labs to Test for H. pylori Infection: A Comprehensive Guide. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/labs-test-h-pylori
  5. Rupa Health. (n.d.). GI-MAP + Zonulin by Diagnostic Solutions. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/lab-tests/diagnostic-solutions-gi-map-zonulin 
  6. DeCesaris, L. (2022, June 6). What Is Gut Dysbiosis? 7 Signs To Watch For. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/how-your-gut-bacteria-affects-your-overall-health
  7. Yang, J.-C. (2014). Treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection: Current status and future concepts. World Journal of Gastroenterology, 20(18), 5283. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v20.i18.5283 
  8. Perera, H., & Rupa Health. (2024, February 7). How to Rebalance the Gut Microbiome: A Functional Medicine Protocol. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/how-to-rebalance-the-gut-microbiome-a-functional-medicine-protocol 
  9. Öztekin, M., Yılmaz, B., Ağagündüz, D., & Capasso, R. (2021). Overview of Helicobacter pylori Infection: Clinical Features, Treatment, and Nutritional Aspects. Diseases, 9(4), 66. https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases9040066 
  10. National Institutes of Health. (2023, November 3). Office of Dietary Supplements - Probiotics. Ods.od.nih.gov. https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Probiotics-HealthProfessional/#en3 
  11. Cleveland Clinic. (2023, August 15). What Do Polyphenols Do for You? Cleveland Clinic. https://health.clevelandclinic.org/polyphenols 
  12. Skrovankova, S., Sumczynski, D., Mlcek, J., Jurikova, T., & Sochor, J. (2015). Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity in Different Types of Berries. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 16(10), 24673–24706. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms161024673 
  13. Burger, O., Ofek, I., Tabak, M., Weiss, E. I., Sharon, N., & Neeman, I. (2000). A high molecular mass constituent of cranberry juice inhibits Helicobacter pylori adhesion to human gastric mucus. FEMS Immunology & Medical Microbiology, 29(4), 295–301. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-695x.2000.tb01537.x 
  14. Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health. (2021, August 12). Berries are among the healthiest foods you can eat. News. https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/news/hsph-in-the-news/fresh-berries-are-among-the-healthiest-foods-you-can-eat/#:~:text=He%20suggested%20eating%20a%20cup 
  15. Yamamoto, Y., Yanagawa, Y., Hara, Y., & Shimamura, T. (2003). A Combination Effect of Epigallocatechin Gallate, a Major Compound of Green Tea Catechins, with Antibiotics on Helicobacter pylori Growth In Vitro. Current Microbiology, 47(3), 244–249. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-002-3956-6 
  16. Mount Sinai. (n.d.). Green tea Information | Mount Sinai - New York. Mount Sinai Health System. https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/herb/green-tea
  17. Cleveland Clinic. (2023, June 6). This Is Why Mom Said To Eat Your Broccoli (and Other Cruciferous Veggies). Cleveland Clinic. https://health.clevelandclinic.org/crunchy-and-cruciferous-youll-love-this-special-family-of-veggies 
  18. Guerra-Valle, M., Orellana-Palma, P., & Petzold, G. (2022). Plant-Based Polyphenols: Anti-Helicobacter pylori Effect and Improvement of Gut Microbiota. Antioxidants, 11(1), 109. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11010109 
  19. Wang, Q., Yao, C., Li, Y., Luo, L., Xie, F., Xiong, Q., & Feng, P. (2023). Effect of polyphenol compounds on Helicobacter pylori eradication: a systematic review with meta-analysis. BMJ Open, 13(1), e062932. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-062932 
  20. Nagireddi, T., Reddy B, V., Pentapati, S. S. K., Desu, S. S., Aravindakshan, R., & Gupta, A. (2022). Spice Intake Among Chronic Gastritis Patients and Its Relationship With Blood Lipid Levels in South India. Cureus, 14(12). https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.33112 
  21. Krupa, A., Gonciarz, W., Rusek-Wala, P., Rechciński, T., Gajewski, A., Samsel, Z., Dziuba, A., Śmiech, A., & Chmiela, M. (2021). Helicobacter pylori Infection Acts Synergistically with a High-Fat Diet in the Development of a Proinflammatory and Potentially Proatherogenic Endothelial Cell Environment in an Experimental Model. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(7), 3394. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22073394 
  22. Mayo Clinic. (2022, June 11). Peptic ulcer - Diagnosis and treatment - Mayo Clinic. Www.mayoclinic.org. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/peptic-ulcer/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20354229#:~:text=Don 
  23. MacGill, M. (2021, December 8). Stomach ulcers: Symptoms, treatment, causes. Www.medicalnewstoday.com. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/312045#causes 
  24. Pal, J., Sanal, M. G., & Gopal, G. J. (2011). Vitamin-C as anti-Helicobacter pylori agent: More prophylactic than curative- Critical review. Indian Journal of Pharmacology, 43(6), 624–627. https://doi.org/10.4103/0253-7613.89814
  25. Publishing, H. H. (2020, October 13). By the way, doctor: What’s the right amount of vitamin C for me? Harvard Health. https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/by-the-way-doctor-whats-the-right-amount-of-vitamin-c-for-me 
  26. Ibrahim, N., El Said, H., & Choukair, A. (2022). Zinc carnosine-based modified bismuth quadruple therapy vs standard triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication: A randomized controlled study. World Journal of Clinical Cases, 10(1), 227–235. https://doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v10.i1.227 
  27. Cloyd, J. (2023, March 16). A functional medicine H. pylori treatment protocol. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/a-functional-medicine-h-pylori-treatment-protocol 
  28. Rupa Health. (n.d.). Micronutrient Test by SpectraCell Laboratories. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/lab-tests/spectracell-micronutrient-test 
  29. Rupa Health. (n.d.). C-Reactive Protein, Inflammation (CRP) by Access Medical Laboratories. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/lab-tests/access-medical-labs-c-reactive-protein-inflammation-crp 
  30. Cloyd , J. (2023, April 13). A Functional Medicine Protocol for Peptic Ulcers. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/a-functional-medicine-protocol-for-peptic-ulcer
  31. Cloyd, J. (2023, June 20). A Functional Medicine H-Pylori Protocol: Testing, Diagnoses, and Treatment. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/a-functional-medicine-h-pylori-protocol-testing-diagnoses-and-treatment 
  32. Cleveland Clinic. (2021, March 19). H. Pylori Infection: How Do You Get, Causes, Symptoms, Tests & Treatment. Cleveland Clinic. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21463-h-pylori-infection#symptoms-and-causes 
  33. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023, May 1). Helicobacter pylori | CDC Yellow Book 2024. Wwwnc.cdc.gov. https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2024/infections-diseases/helicobacter-pylori#diagnosis 
  34. Mayo Clinic. (2018). Stomach cancer - Symptoms and causes. Mayo Clinic. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/stomach-cancer/symptoms-causes/syc-20352438 
  35. Abrams, J. A., & Wang, T. C. (2010). Gastric Lymphoma - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics. Www.sciencedirect.com. https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/gastric-lymphoma
  36. Randel, A. (2018). H. pylori Infection: ACG Updates Treatment Recommendations. American Family Physician, 97(2), 135–137. https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2018/0115/p135.html#:~:text=express%20their%20preferences.- 
  37. Cloyd , J. (2023, April 5). Treatment of Antibiotic Resistance Through Functional Medicine. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/treatment-of-antibiotic-resistance-through-functional-medicine 
  38. Weinberg, J. L. (2023, December 26). The Power of Polyphenols: Functional Medicine’s Antioxidant Superstars. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/the-power-of-polyphenols-functional-medicines-antioxidant-superstars 
  39. Blake, K. (2023, May 22). Anti Inflammatory Diet 101: What to Eat and Avoid Plus Specialty Labs To Monitor Results. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/anti-inflammatory-diet 
  40. Mokra, D., Joskova, M., & Mokry, J. (2023). Therapeutic Effects of Green Tea Polyphenol (‒)-Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (EGCG) in Relation to Molecular Pathways Controlling Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Apoptosis. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(1), 340. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010340 
  41. Sweetnich, J. (2023, May 9). How to make sure your patients are getting enough vitamin C in their diet: Understanding testing, rdas, and the benefits of supplementation. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/vitamin-c-101 
Subscribe to the Magazine for free to keep reading!
Subscribe for free to keep reading, If you are already subscribed, enter your email address to log back in.
Thanks for subscribing!
Oops! Something went wrong while submitting the form.
Are you a healthcare practitioner?
Thanks for subscribing!
Oops! Something went wrong while submitting the form.
See All Magazine Articles
Trusted Source
Rupa Health
Medical Education Platform
Visit Source
American Cancer Society
Foundation for Cancer Research
Visit Source
National Library of Medicine
Government Authority
Visit Source
Journal of The American College of Radiology
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
National Cancer Institute
Government Authority
Visit Source
World Health Organization (WHO)
Government Authority
Visit Source
The Journal of Pediatrics
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
CDC
Government Authority
Visit Source
Office of Dietary Supplements
Government Authority
Visit Source
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute
Government Authority
Visit Source
National Institutes of Health
Government Authority
Visit Source
Clinical Infectious Diseases
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
Brain
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
The Journal of Rheumatology
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
Journal of the National Cancer Institute (JNCI)
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
Hepatology
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
Kidney International
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
Annals of Surgery
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
The Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
Chest
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
Blood
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
Gastroenterology
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
The American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
The American Journal of Psychiatry
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
Diabetes Care
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
The Journal of the American College of Cardiology (JACC)
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
The Journal of Clinical Oncology (JCO)
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
Journal of Clinical Investigation (JCI)
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
Circulation
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
JAMA Internal Medicine
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
PLOS Medicine
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
Annals of Internal Medicine
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
Nature Medicine
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
The BMJ (British Medical Journal)
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
The Lancet
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA)
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
Pubmed
Comprehensive biomedical database
Visit Source
Harvard
Educational/Medical Institution
Visit Source
Cleveland Clinic
Educational/Medical Institution
Visit Source
Mayo Clinic
Educational/Medical Institution
Visit Source
The New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM)
Peer Reviewed Journal
Visit Source
Johns Hopkins
Educational/Medical Institution
Visit Source