Herbal Medicine Fact Sheets
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December 20, 2024

5 Ways Elderberry May Promote Overall Health and Wellness

Written By
Medically Reviewed by
Dr. Ayesha Bryant MSPH, MD
Updated On
January 6, 2025

Elderberry (Sambucus nigra) has been used in traditional medicine for centuries, valued for its potential to support immune health, provide antioxidant benefits, and reduce inflammation. Today, elderberry continues to be a popular supplement taken by many to help maintain their wellness. 

But how exactly does elderberry contribute to overall health? In this article, we'll explore how elderberry may support your wellness, recommended dosages, important considerations, and frequently asked questions to help you make informed decisions about this supplement.

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How Elderberry May Support Your Wellness

Elderberry is packed with beneficial compounds, making it a popular choice for those seeking to promote overall health. While it's commonly known for its potential to support immune function, elderberry offers a range of wellness benefits. 

Boosts Immune Function

Elderberry is well-known for its potential to support immune function, especially during cold and flu season. Studies suggest that elderberry extract may help reduce the duration and severity of symptoms such as congestion, fever, and muscle aches.

This effect is likely due to its rich anthocyanin content, a type of flavonoid with antioxidant properties, which may help strengthen the immune response by supporting the production of cytokines.

Rich in Antioxidants

Antioxidants help protect the body from oxidative stress, which is caused by an accumulation of free radicals that can damage cells. Elderberries are rich in vitamin C, phenolic acids, and anthocyanins, which may help neutralize free radicals and support overall health. 

Some research suggests that elderberry extract can enhance antioxidant activity in the body, which may contribute to reduced oxidative stress. 

Supports Cardiovascular Health

Elderberry’s antioxidant content may also support cardiovascular health. Some studies indicate that elderberries may help maintain healthy cholesterol levels and support blood vessel function. Research also suggests that elderberry could play a role in maintaining healthy blood pressure levels, which may contribute to overall cardiovascular wellness. 

May Have Anti-Inflammatory Properties

Chronic inflammation can be a contributing factor in various health conditions. The antioxidants in elderberries, particularly anthocyanins, may help manage inflammation by supporting the body’s natural response to inflammatory markers. 

Research suggests elderberry extract may be helpful as part of a routine to support balanced inflammation levels. 

May Support Respiratory Health

Traditionally, elderberry has been used to help manage respiratory symptoms such as coughs and congestion. Its anti-inflammatory properties, along with its potential antiviral effects, may support respiratory health by helping soothe airways and reduce mucus production. 

Dosage Recommendations

The appropriate dosage of elderberry can vary depending on the form of the supplement and individual needs. Common forms and dosages include:

  • Elderberry Syrup: For general immune support, adults may take 1 tablespoon (15 mL) daily. During acute symptoms, this can increase to 1 tablespoon four times daily.
  • Elderberry Gummies or Capsules: These typically contain standardized extracts, and dosages range between 300 and 1500 mg daily.
  • Dried Elderberries: For teas or infusions, 1–2 tablespoons of dried elderberries are commonly used with 8–10 ounces of water.

Always follow the manufacturer’s dosage guidelines or consult a healthcare provider to find the right dosage for your needs.

Important Considerations Before Using Elderberry

While elderberries can be a great addition to your wellness routine, it’s important to be aware of certain precautions. Like any supplement, elderberries may interact with medications or specific health conditions. In this section, we’ll cover key considerations to remember before using elderberry, ensuring you can safely enjoy its potential benefits.

Raw and Unripe Elderberries

If consumed, raw or unripe elderberries and other parts of the elderberry plant can be toxic, potentially leading to nausea or gastrointestinal discomfort. Ensure elderberry supplements are cooked or properly processed to avoid these effects.

Potential Interactions with Medications

Elderberry may interact with certain medications, including immunosuppressants, diuretics, and blood pressure medications. If you are taking prescription medications, it is important to consult with your healthcare provider before adding elderberry to your routine.

Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

There is limited research on the safety of elderberry during pregnancy or breastfeeding. It’s best to consult your healthcare provider before using elderberry if you are pregnant or nursing.

Autoimmune Conditions

Elderberry may stimulate the immune system, which could be a concern for individuals with autoimmune conditions such as lupus or rheumatoid arthritis. Consult with a healthcare provider if you have an autoimmune condition before using elderberry.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can Elderberry Help Prevent or Treat the Flu?

Elderberry may help reduce the duration and severity of flu symptoms, but it is not a substitute for a flu vaccine. It can be a helpful supplement to support recovery during cold and flu season.

Is It Safe to Take Elderberry Every Day?

Elderberry is generally safe for daily use in moderate amounts, especially during cold and flu season. However, always follow dosage guidelines and consult your healthcare provider if you have any underlying health conditions.

Can Children Take Elderberry?

Elderberry syrup is commonly used for children to help support immune health, particularly during cold and flu season. Be sure to use a product specifically formulated for children and follow recommended dosage guidelines. Always consult a pediatrician before giving supplements to children.

Are There Any Side Effects of Elderberry?

When taken at the recommended dosage, elderberry is generally well-tolerated. However, consuming unripe or raw elderberry can lead to gastrointestinal issues such as nausea or diarrhea.

Can Elderberry Be Used for Conditions Other Than Cold and Flu?

While elderberry is often associated with immune support, it may also help support cardiovascular health, manage inflammation, and promote respiratory function. More research is needed to confirm these additional benefits.

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Key Takeaways

Elderberry offers a variety of potential health benefits, from supporting immune function to promoting cardiovascular health and managing inflammation. While it’s widely used to support wellness during cold and flu season, ongoing research is exploring its broader health applications. 

  • Immune Support: Elderberry is known for helping boost immune function, particularly during cold and flu season, potentially reducing symptoms like congestion and fever.
  • Antioxidant-Rich: Elderberries contain antioxidants such as vitamin C, anthocyanins, and phenolic acids, which may help neutralize free radicals and reduce oxidative stress.
  • Cardiovascular Health: Elderberry's antioxidants may help maintain healthy cholesterol levels, support blood vessel function, and promote healthy blood pressure.
  • Anti-Inflammatory Effects: Elderberry’s anthocyanins may help manage inflammation, which could support overall health and reduce chronic inflammation.
  • Respiratory Health: Elderberry has traditionally been used to manage respiratory issues like coughs and congestion. Its anti-inflammatory and potential antiviral properties may support respiratory wellness.
  • Dosage Guidance: Elderberry is commonly available in syrup, gummies, capsules, and dried berries, with recommended dosages varying based on form. Consult a healthcare provider to determine the right dosage for your needs.
  • Precautions: Raw or unripe elderberries can be toxic. Elderberry may also interact with certain medications, and pregnant or breastfeeding women should consult a healthcare provider before use.
  • General Safety: Elderberry is generally safe when taken in recommended amounts, but it’s important to consult a healthcare provider, especially if you have underlying health conditions or are giving it to children.

Follow recommended dosages, consult your healthcare provider when necessary, and stay informed about potential interactions with medications or pre-existing conditions.

The information in this article is designed for educational purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for informed medical advice or care. This information should not be used to diagnose or treat any health problems or illnesses without consulting a doctor. Consult with a health care practitioner before relying on any information in this article or on this website.

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National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health. (2020, August). Elderberry. NCCIH. https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/elderberry

Tiralongo, E., Wee, S., & Lea, R. (2016). Elderberry Supplementation Reduces Cold Duration and Symptoms in Air-Travellers: A Randomized, Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. Nutrients, 8(4), 182. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu8040182

Yoana Kiselova-Kaneva, Milka Nashar, Bogdan Roussev, Salim, A., Hristova, M. G., Paweł Olczyk, Katarzyna Komosińska-Vassev, Ivayla Dincheva, Ilian Badjakov, B. Galunska, & Ivanova, D. (2023). Sambucus ebulus (Elderberry) Fruits Modulate Inflammation and Complement System Activity in Humans. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(10), 8714–8714. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24108714

Yoshimura, H. (2023, October 10). A Root Cause Medicine Approach to Chronic Inflammation. Rupa Health. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/a-root-cause-medicine-approach-to-chronic-inflammation

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