Optimal Ranges

Our Optimal Range Preset Values

💡

We know your clinics have differing specialties, so we've made these ranges fully customizable in settings.

Alanine Aminotransferase

IU/L

Labcorp

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

Access Medical Labs

Below Optimal:

7.00

Above Optimal:

19.00

Boston Heart

Below Optimal:

7.00

Above Optimal:

29.00

References

Alanine Amino Transferase - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf (nih.gov)

The Association of Low Serum Alanine Aminotransferase Activity With Mortality in the US Population - PMC (nih.gov)

Association between alanine aminotransferase and all‐cause mortality rate: Findings from a study on Japanese community‐dwelling individuals - PMC (nih.gov)

ACG Clinical Guideline: Evaluation of Abnormal Liver Chemist... : Official journal of the American College of Gastroenterology | ACG (lww.com)

Aldosterone

ng/dL

Labcorp

Below Optimal:

7.00

Above Optimal:

15.30

Access Medical Labs

Below Optimal:

7.00

Above Optimal:

15.30

Boston Heart

Below Optimal:

7.00

Above Optimal:

15.30

References

Topical Diagnosis and Determination of the Primary Hyperaldosteronism Variant - PMC (nih.gov)

Association of Aldosterone with Mortality in the General Population - PubMed (nih.gov)

The paradoxical effect of aldosterone on cardiovascular outcome in maintenance hemodialysis patients - PMC (nih.gov)

Aldosterone dysregulation predicts the risk of mortality and rehospitalization in heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction - PubMed (nih.gov)

Serum Aldosterone and Death, End-Stage Renal Disease, and Cardiovascular Events in Blacks and Whites | Hypertension (ahajournals.org)

Aldosterone and cortisol affect the risk of sudden cardiac death in haemodialysis patients | European Heart Journal | Oxford Academic (oup.com)

Hyperaldosteronism and Hypertension | Hypertension (ahajournals.org)

Plasma aldosterone levels are associated with increased cardiovascular mortality: the Ludwigshafen Risk and Cardiovascular Health (LURIC) study | European Heart Journal | Oxford Academic (oup.com)

Hyperaldosteronism - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf (nih.gov)

ALDS - Overview: Aldosterone, Serum (mayocliniclabs.com)

Aldosterone Renin Ratio | Primary Aldosteronism Foundation

Alkaline Phosphatase

IU/L

Labcorp

Below Optimal:

48.00

Above Optimal:

51.00

Access Medical Labs

Below Optimal:

48.00

Above Optimal:

51.00

Boston Heart

Below Optimal:

48.00

Above Optimal:

51.00

References

Liver enzymes and risk of all-cause mortality in general populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis | International Journal of Epidemiology | Oxford Academic (oup.com)

Can Serum Levels of Alkaline Phosphatase and Phosphate Predict Cardiovascular Diseases and Total Mortality in Individuals with Preserved Renal Function? A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis | PLOS ONE

Aspartate Aminotransferase

IU/L

Labcorp

Below Optimal:

15.00

Above Optimal:

18.00

Access Medical Labs

Below Optimal:

15.00

Above Optimal:

18.00

Boston Heart

Below Optimal:

15.00

Above Optimal:

18.00

References

Normal serum aminotransferase concentration and risk of mortality from liver diseases: prospective cohort study - PMC (nih.gov)

Loss of Life Expectancy by 10 Years or More From Elevated Aspartate Aminotransferase: Official journal of the American College of Gastroenterology | ACG (lww.com)

ACG Clinical Guideline: Evaluation of Abnormal Liver Chemist... : Official journal of the American College of Gastroenterology | ACG (lww.com)

Aspartate aminotransferase and cardiovascular disease

BUN/Creatinine Ratio

ratio

Labcorp

Below Optimal:

11.43

Above Optimal:

14.64

Access Medical Labs

Below Optimal:

11.43

Above Optimal:

14.64

Boston Heart

Below Optimal:

11.43

Above Optimal:

14.64

References

The blood urea nitrogen/creatinine (BUN/cre) ratio was U-shaped associated with all-cause mortality in general population - PMC (nih.gov)

Association between BUN/creatinine ratio and the risk of in-hospital mortality in patients with trauma-related acute respiratory distress syndrome: a single-centre retrospective cohort from the MIMIC database | BMJ Open

Clinical implications of the blood urea nitrogen/creatinine ratio in heart failure and their association with haemoconcentration - Sujino - 2019 - ESC Heart Failure - Wiley Online Library

Basophil Count

x10E3/µL

Labcorp

Below Optimal:

0.02

Above Optimal:

0.06

Access Medical Labs

Below Optimal:

0.02

Above Optimal:

0.06

Boston Heart

Below Optimal:

0.02

Above Optimal:

0.06

References

Circulating basophil count as a prognostic marker of tumor aggressiveness and survival outcomes in colorectal cancer | Clinical and Translational Medicine | Full Text (springeropen.com)

Basophil Blood Cell Count Is Associated With Enhanced Factor II Plasma Coagulant Activity and Increased Risk of Mortality in Patients With Stable Coronary Artery Disease: Not Only Neutrophils as Prognostic Marker in Ischemic Heart Disease (ahajournals.org)

How I investigate basophilia in daily practice - Feriel - 2020 - International Journal of Laboratory Hematology - Wiley Online Library

Basophils (%)

Labcorp

Below Optimal:

0.50

Above Optimal:

Access Medical Labs

Below Optimal:

0.50

Above Optimal:

1.00

Boston Heart

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

References

Additive pre-diagnostic and diagnostic value of routine blood-based biomarkers in the detection of colorectal cancer in the UK Biobank cohort | Scientific Reports (nature.com)

Cells | Free Full-Text | Basophils from Cancer Patients Respond to Immune Stimuli and Predict Clinical Outcome (mdpi.com)

Eosinophils and basophils in severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome patients: Risk factors for predicting the prognosis on admission | PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases

White Blood Cells and Severe COVID-19: A Mendelian Randomization Study - PMC (nih.gov)

Basophils absence predicts poor prognosis and indicates immunosuppression of patients in intensive care units | Scientific Reports (nature.com)

Blood Urea Nitrogen

mg/dL

Labcorp

Below Optimal:

10.00

Above Optimal:

20.00

Access Medical Labs

Below Optimal:

10.00

Above Optimal:

Boston Heart

Below Optimal:

10.00

Above Optimal:

20.00

References

Prognostic Value of Blood Urea Nitrogen for Short-Term Mortality in Patients with Infective Endocarditis | Infectious Diseases and Therapy (springer.com)

Blood Urea Nitrogen Is Associated with In-Hospital Mortality in Critically Ill Patients with Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis - PMC (nih.gov)

Elevation of BUN is predictive of long-term mortality in critically ill patients independent of 'normal' creatinine - PMC (nih.gov)

Nutrients | Free Full-Text | Association of Blood Urea Nitrogen with Cardiovascular Diseases and All-Cause Mortality in USA Adults: Results from NHANES 1999–2006 (mdpi.com)

Calcium

mg/dL

Labcorp

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

9.90

Access Medical Labs

Below Optimal:

8.60

Above Optimal:

9.90

Boston Heart

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

9.90

References

Serum Calcium Levels and Long-Term Mortality in Patients with Acute Stroke | Cerebrovascular Diseases | Karger Publishers

Association of Admission Serum Calcium Levels and In-Hospital Mortality in Patients with Acute ST-Elevated Myocardial Infarction: An Eight-Year, Single-Center Study in China | PLOS ONE

Carbon Dioxide

mmol/L

Labcorp

Below Optimal:

23.00

Above Optimal:

Access Medical Labs

Below Optimal:

23.00

Above Optimal:

30.00

Boston Heart

Below Optimal:

23.00

Above Optimal:

References

Re-Evaluation of the Normal Range of Serum Total CO2 Concentration - PMC (nih.gov)

Associations of the Serum Total Carbon Dioxide Level with Long-Term Clinical Outcomes in Sepsis Survivors | Infectious Diseases and Therapy (springer.com)

Serum total carbon dioxide as a prognostic factor for 28-day mortality in patients with sepsis - ScienceDirect

Higher serum bicarbonate levels within the normal range are associated with better survival and renal outcomes in African Americans - Kidney International (kidney-international.org)

Chloride

mmol/L

Labcorp

Below Optimal:

103.00

Above Optimal:

Access Medical Labs

Below Optimal:

103.00

Above Optimal:

107.00

Boston Heart

Below Optimal:

103.00

Above Optimal:

107.00

References

Community-based serum chloride abnormalities predict mortality risk - PMC (nih.gov)

Medical Sciences | Free Full-Text | Serum Chloride Levels at Hospital Discharge and One-Year Mortality among Hospitalized Patients (mdpi.com)

Serum Chloride Is an Independent Predictor of Mortality in Hypertensive Patients | Hypertension (ahajournals.org)

Prognostic Significance of Serum Chloride Level Reduction in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure

Coenzyme Q10

μg/mL

Labcorp

Below Optimal:

0.40

Above Optimal:

2.00

Access Medical Labs

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

2.00

Boston Heart

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

2.00

References

Coenzyme Q10 and Heart Failure | Circulation: Heart Failure (ahajournals.org)

The Effect of Coenzyme Q10 on Morbidity and Mortality in Chronic Heart Failure: Results From Q-SYMBIO: A Randomized Double-Blind Trial - ScienceDirect

Effect of coenzyme Q10 on cardiac function and survival in heart failure: an overview of systematic reviews and meta -analyses - Food & Function (RSC Publishing) DOI:10.1039/D3FO01255G

Coenzyme Q10: An Independent Predictor of Mortality in Chronic Heart Failure | Journal of the American College of Cardiology (jacc.org)

(1) (PDF) Serum Coenzyme Q10 Levels are Decreased in Critically-Ill Septic Patients: Results From a Preliminary Study (researchgate.net)

Serum Levels of Coenzyme Q10 in Patients with Multiple System Atrophy - PMC (nih.gov)

Antioxidants | Free Full-Text | The Use of Coenzyme Q10 in Cardiovascular Diseases (mdpi.com)

Direct Bilirubin

mg/dL

Labcorp

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

Access Medical Labs

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

Boston Heart

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

References

Frontiers | Effect of Direct Bilirubin Level on Clinical Outcome and Prognoses in Severely/Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19 (frontiersin.org)

Direct bilirubin as a prognostic biomarker in enteric fistula patients complicated with sepsis: a case-control study - PMC (nih.gov)

Low Bilirubin Levels Indicate a High Risk of Cerebral Deep White Matter Lesions in Apparently Healthy Subjects | Scientific Reports (nature.com)

Development and Validation of a Clinical Risk Score to Predict the Occurrence of Critical Illness in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19 | Critical Care Medicine | JAMA Internal Medicine | JAMA Network

Development and validation of a risk factor-based system to predict short-term survival in adult hospitalized patients with COVID-19: a multicenter, retrospective, cohort study | Critical Care (springer.com)

Fasting Glucose

mg/dL

Labcorp

Below Optimal:

80.00

Above Optimal:

89.00

Access Medical Labs

Below Optimal:

80.00

Above Optimal:

89.00

Boston Heart

Below Optimal:

80.00

Above Optimal:

89.00

References

Association between fasting glucose and all-cause mortality according to sex and age: a prospective cohort study - PMC (nih.gov)

Low fasting glucose and future risks of major adverse outcomes in people without baseline diabetes or cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis | BMJ Open

Fasting glucose and its association with 20-year all-cause and cause-specific mortality in Chinese general population - ScienceDirect

J-shaped associations and joint effects of fasting glucose with inflammation and cytokines on COVID-19 mortality - International Journal of Infectious Diseases (ijidonline.com)

‍

Fasting Insulin

µIU/mL

Labcorp

Below Optimal:

10.30

Above Optimal:

12.90

Access Medical Labs

Below Optimal:

10.30

Above Optimal:

12.90

Boston Heart

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

References

Cutoff Values of Surrogate Measures of Insulin Resistance for Metabolic Syndrome in Korean Non-diabetic Adults - PMC (nih.gov)

Association between high-fasting insulin levels and metabolic syndrome in non-diabetic middle-aged and elderly populations: a community-based study in Taiwan | BMJ Open

Associations of body mass index, fasting insulin, and inflammation with mortality: a prospective cohort study | International Journal of Obesity (nature.com)

Low fasting serum insulin and dementia in nondiabetic women followed for 34 years | Neurology

Fibrinogen

mg/dL

Labcorp

Below Optimal:

291.00

Above Optimal:

317.00

Access Medical Labs

Below Optimal:

291.00

Above Optimal:

317.00

Boston Heart

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

References

IJMS | Free Full-Text | Fibrinogen and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases—Review of the Literature and Clinical Studies (mdpi.com)

Plasma Fibrinogen as a Predictor of Total and Cause-Specific Mortality in Elderly Japanese-American Men | Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology (ahajournals.org)

Relation between admission plasma fibrinogen levels and mortality in Chinese patients with coronary artery disease | Scientific Reports (nature.com)

Biomarker association with cardiovascular disease and mortality – The role of fibrinogen. A report from the NHANES study - ScienceDirect

Serum fibrinogen and cardiovascular events in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes and stable coronary artery disease: a prospective observational study | BMJ Open

Decreasing Plasma Fibrinogen Levels in the Intensive Care Unit Are Associated with High Mortality Rates In Patients With Sepsis-Induced Coagulopathy - PMC (nih.gov)

Folate

ng/mL

Labcorp

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

Access Medical Labs

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

Boston Heart

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

References

High Serum Folate Concentrations Are Associated with Decreased Risk of Mortality among Japanese Adults - ScienceDirect

Serum Folate and All-Cause Mortality is of Non-Linear Relationship Among Population with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study - PMC (nih.gov)

Non-linear associations of serum and red blood cell folate with risk of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in hypertensive adults | Hypertension Research (nature.com)

Frontiers | Folate Status and Mortality in US Adults With Diabetes: A Nationally Representative Cohort Study (frontiersin.org)

Serum folate deficiency and the risks of dementia and all-cause mortality: a national study of old age (bmj.com)

Relationship of several serum folate forms with the risk of mortality: A prospective cohort study — Johns Hopkins University

Serum Folate and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Among US Men and Women | Cardiology | JAMA Internal Medicine | JAMA Network

Associations of Serum Folate and Homocysteine Concentrations with All-Cause, Cardiovascular Disease, and Cancer Mortality in Men and Women in Korea: the Cardiovascular Disease Association Study - ScienceDirect

Association of Serum Folate Levels With Cardiovascular Mortality Among Adults With Rheumatoid Arthritis | Rheumatology | JAMA Network Open | JAMA Network

Free Triiodothyronine

pg/mL

Labcorp

Below Optimal:

3.30

Above Optimal:

3.70

Access Medical Labs

Below Optimal:

3.30

Above Optimal:

3.70

Boston Heart

Below Optimal:

3.30

Above Optimal:

3.70

References

Low triiodothyronine and survival in end-stage renal disease - ScienceDirect

Association between Low Free Triiodothyronine Levels and Poor Prognosis in Patients with Acute ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (hindawi.com)

Triiodothyronine (T3), inflammation and mortality risk in patients with acute myocardial infarction - PMC (nih.gov)

Relationship between thyroid function and ICU mortality: a prospective observation study | Critical Care | Full Text (biomedcentral.com)

Nutrients | Free Full-Text | Low Free Triiodothyronine as a More Sensitive Predictor of Survival Than Total Testosterone among Dialysis Men (mdpi.com)

Hemoglobin A1C

Labcorp

Below Optimal:

5.00

Above Optimal:

5.40

Access Medical Labs

Below Optimal:

5.00

Above Optimal:

5.40

Boston Heart

Below Optimal:

5.00

Above Optimal:

5.40

References

Hemoglobin A1c Serum Level Predicts 5-year Mortality in Patients with Cognitive Impairment | Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders (springer.com)

Low Hemoglobin A1c and Risk of All-Cause Mortality Among US Adults Without Diabetes - PMC (nih.gov)

Association between haemoglobin A1c and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in middle-aged and older Koreans: a prospective cohort study | Nutrition & Metabolism | Full Text (biomedcentral.com)

Glycated Hemoglobin and All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality Among Adults With and Without Diabetes | The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism | Oxford Academic (oup.com)

High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol

mg/dL

Labcorp

Below Optimal:

58.00

Above Optimal:

77.00

Access Medical Labs

Below Optimal:

58.00

Above Optimal:

77.00

Boston Heart

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

References

High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Mortality | Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology (ahajournals.org)

Association of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a Chinese population of 3.3 million adults: a prospective cohort study - The Lancet Regional Health – Western Pacific

Extreme high high-density lipoprotein cholesterol is paradoxically associated with high mortality in men and women: two prospective cohort studies | European Heart Journal | Oxford Academic (oup.com)

Homocysteine

µmol/L

Labcorp

Below Optimal:

4.00

Above Optimal:

7.00

Access Medical Labs

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

7.00

Boston Heart

Below Optimal:

4.00

Above Optimal:

7.00

References

Association of Serum Homocysteine with Cardiovascular and All-Cause Mortality in Adults with Diabetes: A Prospective Cohort Study - PMC (nih.gov)

Association between Homocysteine Levels and All-cause Mortality: A Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies - PMC (nih.gov)

Serum Homocysteine in Relation to Mortality and Morbidity From Coronary Heart Disease | Circulation (ahajournals.org)

Plasma Homocysteine Levels and Mortality in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease | NEJM

Significance of Low Plasma Homocysteine.indd (peirsoncenter.com)

Homocysteine: Friend or Foe? - PMC (nih.gov)

Hyperhomocysteinemia - An unidentified risk factor for stroke in our population (aku.edu)

Plasma homocysteine concentration predicts mortality in non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients with and without albuminuria - Kidney International (kidney-international.org)

A low, Rather than a High, total Plasma Homocysteine Is an Indicator of Poor Outcome in Hemodialysis Patients

Serum Total Homocysteine Concentrations and Risk of Stroke and Its Subtypes in Japanese | Circulation (ahajournals.org)

Lipoprotein (a)

nmol/L

Labcorp

Below Optimal:

5.00

Above Optimal:

50.00

Access Medical Labs

Below Optimal:

5.00

Above Optimal:

14.00

Boston Heart

Below Optimal:

5.00

Above Optimal:

14.00

References

Circulating lipoprotein (a) and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis - PMC (nih.gov)

Lipoprotein(a) and the risk of cardiovascular disease in the European population: results from the BiomarCaRE consortium - PMC (nih.gov)

Lipoprotein A - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf (nih.gov)

Low Lipoprotein(a) Levels and Risk of Disease - American College of Cardiology (acc.org)

Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol

mg/dL

Labcorp

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

Access Medical Labs

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

Boston Heart

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

References

Association of Low‐Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels with More than 20‐Year Risk of Cardiovascular and All‐Cause Mortality in the General Population | Journal of the American Heart Association (ahajournals.org)

Association between low density lipoprotein and all cause and cause specific mortality in Denmark: prospective cohort study | The BMJ

Low density lipoprotein cholesterol and all-cause mortality rate: findings from a study on Japanese community-dwelling persons | Lipids in Health and Disease | Full Text (biomedcentral.com)

‍

Lymphocyte Count

x10E3/µL

Labcorp

Below Optimal:

1.50

Above Optimal:

2.00

Access Medical Labs

Below Optimal:

1.50

Above Optimal:

2.00

Boston Heart

Below Optimal:

1.50

Above Optimal:

2.00

References

Incidental lymphopenia and mortality: a prospective cohort study | CMAJ

Absolute lymphocyte count as a predictor of mortality and readmission in heart failure hospitalization (sciencedirectassets.com)

White Blood Cell Counts as Risk Markers of Developing Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components in the Predimed Study (researchgate.net)

Analysis of absolute lymphocyte count in patients with COVID-19 (sciencedirectassets.com)

Differential White Blood Cell Count and Type 2 Diabetes: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cross-Sectional and Prospective Studies | PLOS ONE

Lymphocytes (%)

Labcorp

Below Optimal:

25.50

Above Optimal:

35.00

Access Medical Labs

Below Optimal:

25.50

Above Optimal:

35.00

Boston Heart

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

References

(1) A low lymphocyte count is a predictor of mortality and hospitalization in hemodialysis patients | Request PDF (researchgate.net)

Scoring Selection Criteria Including Total Tumour Volume and Pretransplant Percentage of Lymphocytes to Predict Recurrence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma after Liver Transplantation | PLOS ONE

Lymphocyte percentage as a valuable predictor of prognosis in lung cancer - Huang - 2022 - Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine - Wiley Online Library

Associations of lymphocyte percentage and red blood cell distribution width with risk of lung cancer - PMC (nih.gov)

Postoperative Lymphocyte Percentage Influences the Long-term Disease-free Survival Following a Resection for Colorectal Carcinoma | Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology | Oxford Academic (oup.com)

Magnesium

mg/dL

Labcorp

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

Access Medical Labs

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

Boston Heart

Below Optimal:

1.90

Above Optimal:

2.10

References

Serum Magnesium and Cardiovascular Outcomes and Mortality in CKD: The Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) - PMC (nih.gov)

Serum Magnesium and the Risk of Death From Coronary Heart Disease and Sudden Cardiac Death (ahajournals.org)

The association between serum magnesium levels and community-acquired pneumonia 30-day mortality | BMC Infectious Diseases | Full Text (biomedcentral.com)

Mean Platelet Volume

Labcorp

Below Optimal:

7.67

Above Optimal:

8.10

Access Medical Labs

Below Optimal:

7.67

Above Optimal:

8.10

Boston Heart

Below Optimal:

7.67

Above Optimal:

8.10

References

Mean platelet volume and mean platelet volume/platelet count ratio as a risk stratification tool in the assessment of severity of acute ischemic stroke - ScienceDirect

Mean Platelet Volume May Represent a Predictive Parameter for Overall Vascular Mortality and Ischemic Heart Disease | Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology (ahajournals.org)

Elevated mean platelet volume predicts poor prognosis in colorectal cancer | Scientific Reports (nature.com)

Mean platelet volume as an inflammation marker in active pulmonary tuberculosis - PMC (nih.gov)

Normal range of mean platelet volume in healthy subjects: Insight from a large epidemiologic study - PubMed (nih.gov)

Mean Platelet Volume (MPV): New Perspectives for an Old Marker in the Course and Prognosis of Inflammatory Conditions - PMC (nih.gov)

Myeloperoxidase

pmol/L

Labcorp

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

99.00

Access Medical Labs

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

99.00

Boston Heart

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

References

Association of chronic neutrophil activation with risk of mortality | PLOS ONE

The role of myeloperoxidase (MPO) for prognostic evaluation in sensitive cardiac troponin I negative chest pain patients in the emergency department - PMC (nih.gov)

Full article: Increased postoperative myeloperoxidase concentration associated with low baseline antioxidant capacity as the risk factor of delirium after cardiac surgery (tandfonline.com)

Use of Myeloperoxidase for Risk Stratification in Acute Heart Failure | Clinical Chemistry | Oxford Academic (oup.com)

Plasma Myeloperoxidase Predicts Incident Cardiovascular Risks in Stable Patients Undergoing Medical Management for Coronary Artery Disease | Clinical Chemistry | Oxford Academic (oup.com)

Sequential Analysis of Myeloperoxidase for Prediction of Adverse Events After Suspected Acute Coronary Ischemia - Koch - 2014 - Clinical Cardiology - Wiley Online Library

1487687 (dergipark.org.tr)

Myeloperoxidase: A new player in autoimmunity - PMC (nih.gov)

Serum myeloperoxidase: a novel biomarker for evaluation of patients with acute coronary syndrome - PMC (nih.gov)

Myeloperoxidase Levels and Mortality in Frail Community-Living Elderly Individuals - PMC (nih.gov)

Myeloperoxidase Deficiency - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf (nih.gov)

Myeloperoxidase deficiency preserves vasomotor function in humans | European Heart Journal | Oxford Academic (oup.com)

The many roles of myeloperoxidase: From inflammation and immunity to biomarkers, drug metabolism and drug discovery - PMC (nih.gov)

IJMS | Free Full-Text | The Dual Role of Myeloperoxidase in Immune Response (mdpi.com)

Neutrophil Count

x10E3/µL

Labcorp

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

3.00

Access Medical Labs

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

3.00

Boston Heart

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

3.00

References

Incidence of Coronary Events and Case Fatality Rate in Relation to Blood Lymphocyte and Neutrophil Counts | Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology (ahajournals.org)

Use of neutrophil count in early diagnosis and risk stratification of AMI - PubMed (nih.gov)

Parathyroid Hormone

pg/mL

Labcorp

Below Optimal:

27.90

Above Optimal:

47.00

Access Medical Labs

Below Optimal:

27.90

Above Optimal:

47.00

Boston Heart

Below Optimal:

27.90

Above Optimal:

47.00

References

Association of Serum Parathyroid Hormone Levels With All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality Among U.S. Adults - ScienceDirect

Elevated Parathyroid Hormone Is Associated with an Increased Mortality Risk in Type 2 Diabetes | Diabetes | American Diabetes Association (diabetesjournals.org)

Serum parathyroid hormone and risk of adverse outcomes in patients with stable coronary heart disease | Heart (bmj.com)

Serum intact parathyroid hormone levels predict hospitalisation for heart failure | Heart (bmj.com)

Parathyroid hormone level is associated with mortality and cardiovascular events in patients undergoing coronary angiography

Plasma Parathyroid Hormone and the Risk of Cardiovascular Mortality in the Community | Circulation (ahajournals.org)

Serum Parathyroid Hormone in Relation to All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality: The Hoorn Study | The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism | Oxford Academic (oup.com)

Association between Parathyroid Hormone Levels and Inflammatory Markers among US Adults (hindawi.com)

‍

Phosphorus

mg/dL

Labcorp

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

Access Medical Labs

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

Boston Heart

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

References

Association between serum phosphate and mortality in critically ill patients: a large retrospective cohort study | BMJ Open

Impact of serum phosphate changes on in-hospital mortality | BMC Nephrology | Full Text (biomedcentral.com)

Serum phosphate levels and mortality risk among people with chronic kidney disease - PubMed (nih.gov)

Serum phosphate levels are related to all-cause, cardiovascular and COPD mortality in men | European Journal of Epidemiology (springer.com)

Frontiers | Reduced phosphorus is associated with older age and hypoalbuminemia. Risk factors for all-cause mortality in peritoneal dialysis patients (frontiersin.org)

Phosphate Control: The Next Frontier in Dialysis Cardiovascular Mortality | Cardiorenal Medicine | Karger Publishers

Joint Effect of Hypertension and Elevated Serum Phosphorus on the Risk of Mortality in National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey‐III | Journal of the American Heart Association (ahajournals.org)

Relationship between serum phosphate levels and survival in chronic hemodialysis patients: interactions with age, malnutrition and inflammation | Clinical Kidney Journal | Oxford Academic (oup.com)

Low serum phosphate as an independent predictor of increased infection-related mortality in dialysis patients: A prospective multicenter cohort study | PLOS ONE

Platelets

x10E3/µL

Labcorp

Below Optimal:

200.00

Above Optimal:

300.00

Access Medical Labs

Below Optimal:

200.00

Above Optimal:

300.00

Boston Heart

Below Optimal:

200.00

Above Optimal:

300.00

References

U-shaped mortality curve associated with platelet count among older people: a community-based cohort study - PMC (nih.gov)

Platelet count is associated with cardiovascular disease, cancer and mortality: A population-based cohort study - PubMed (nih.gov)

Platelet count and the risk for thrombosis and death in the elderly - PMC (nih.gov)

Abnormal platelet count is an independent predictor of mortality in the elderly and is influenced by ethnicity | Haematologica

Potassium

mmol/L

Labcorp

Below Optimal:

4.00

Above Optimal:

5.00

Access Medical Labs

Below Optimal:

4.00

Above Optimal:

5.00

Boston Heart

Below Optimal:

4.00

Above Optimal:

5.00

References

What is the optimal serum potassium level in cardiovascular patients? - ScienceDirect

Importance of Potassium in Cardiovascular Disease - PMC (nih.gov)

Serum Potassium Levels and Mortality in Acute Myocardial Infarction | Acute Coronary Syndromes | JAMA | JAMA Network

Abnormalities of Potassium in Heart Failure: JACC State-of-the-Art Review | Journal of the American College of Cardiology

Reverse Triiodothyronine

ng/dL

Labcorp

Below Optimal:

10.60

Above Optimal:

15.60

Access Medical Labs

Below Optimal:

10.60

Above Optimal:

15.60

Boston Heart

Below Optimal:

10.60

Above Optimal:

15.60

References

Thyroid Function, Reverse Triiodothyronine, and Mortality in Critically Ill Clinical Patients - PMC (nih.gov)

Increased reverse triiodothyronine is associated with shorter survival in independently-living elderly: the Alsanut study

Thyroid Hormone Abnormalities in Hemodialyzed Patients: Low Triiodothyronine as well as High Reverse Triiodothyronine are associated with Increased Mortality

Sodium

mmol/L

Labcorp

Below Optimal:

138.00

Above Optimal:

142.00

Access Medical Labs

Below Optimal:

138.00

Above Optimal:

142.00

Boston Heart

Below Optimal:

138.00

Above Optimal:

References

The prognostic importance of serum sodium levels at hospital discharge and one-year mortality among hospitalized patients - PubMed (nih.gov)

Serum Sodium - Clinical Methods - NCBI Bookshelf (nih.gov)

Impact of serum sodium concentrations, and effect modifiers on mortality in the Irish Health System | BMC Nephrology | Full Text (biomedcentral.com)

'Normal' serum sodium concentration among inpatients over 65 admitted to hospital: an observational study - PubMed (nih.gov)

Thyroglobulin Antibodies

IU/mL

Labcorp

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

Access Medical Labs

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

0.90

Boston Heart

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

0.90

References

Investigating Antithyroglobulin Antibody As a Prognostic Marker for Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review | Thyroid® (liebertpub.com)

Prognostic Significance of Thyroglobulin Antibodies in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer - PMC (nih.gov)

Thyroglobulin Assay in Graves Disease

Thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) methods – Strengths, pitfalls and clinical utility for monitoring TgAb-positive patients with differentiated thyroid cancer - ScienceDirect
TGAB - Overview: Thyroglobulin Antibody, Serum (mayocliniclabs.com)

Thyroglobulin Antibodies (0 - 1 IU/L) - Lab Results explained | HealthMatters.io

Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies

IU/mL

Labcorp

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

5.40

Access Medical Labs

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

5.40

Boston Heart

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

5.40

References

Determinants and Clinical Implications of Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies in Middle-Aged and Elderly Individuals: The Rotterdam Study (liebertpub.com)

Serum TSH, T4, and Thyroid Antibodies in the United States Population (1988 to 1994): National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) | The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism | Oxford Academic (oup.com)

Serum cholesterol levels in middle-aged euthyroid subjects with positive thyroid peroxidase antibodies - PMC (nih.gov)

Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone

µIU/mL

Labcorp

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

2.00

Access Medical Labs

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

2.00

Boston Heart

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

References

Frontiers | Prognostic Value of Normal Thyroid Stimulating Hormone in Long-Term Mortality in Patients With STEMI (frontiersin.org)

Evidence for a Narrower Thyrotropin Reference Range Is Compelling | The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism | Oxford Academic (oup.com)

Normal TSH Reference Range: What Has Changed in the Last Decade? | The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism | Oxford Academic (oup.com)

Reporting Thyroid Function Tests in Pregnancy - PMC (nih.gov)

Total Bilirubin

mg/dL

Labcorp

Below Optimal:

0.50

Above Optimal:

0.70

Access Medical Labs

Below Optimal:

0.50

Above Optimal:

0.70

Boston Heart

Below Optimal:

0.50

Above Optimal:

0.70

References

The Relationship between Total Bilirubin Levels and Total Mortality in Older Adults: The United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2004 - PMC (nih.gov)

Association of Total Bilirubin With All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality in the General Population - PMC (nih.gov)

Total Bilirubin in Prognosis for Mortality in End‐Stage Renal Disease Patients on Peritoneal Dialysis Therapy | Journal of the American Heart Association (ahajournals.org)

Total Prostate-Specific Antigen

ng/mL

Labcorp

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

3.00

Access Medical Labs

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

3.00

Boston Heart

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

3.00

References

Prostate Specific Antigen - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf (nih.gov)

How should prostate specific antigen be interpreted? - PMC (nih.gov)

UPDATE – 2022 Canadian Urological Association recommendations on prostate cancer screening and early diagnosis - PMC (nih.gov)

Baseline Serum Prostate-specific Antigen Value Predicts the Risk of Subsequent Prostate Cancer Death—Results from the Norwegian Prostate Cancer Consortium - ScienceDirect

Prostate-Specific Antigen Within the Reference Range, Subclinical Coronary Atherosclerosis, and Cardiovascular Mortality | Circulation Research (ahajournals.org)

Prostate-specific antigen kallikrein and the heart - PMC (nih.gov)

‍

Total Protein

g/dL

Labcorp

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

6.90

Access Medical Labs

Below Optimal:

6.00

Above Optimal:

6.90

Boston Heart

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

6.90

References

Analysis of Reference Ranges of Total Serum Protein in Namibia: Clinical Implications - PMC (nih.gov)

Distribution of Serum Total Protein in Elderly Chinese | PLOS ONE

Assessment of diagnostic accuracy and optimal cut points of blood lead levels on serum proteins among workers exposed to Pb at a lead battery plant | International Journal Of Medical Biochemistry |

Vitamin B12

pg/mL

Labcorp

Below Optimal:

310.00

Above Optimal:

455.00

Access Medical Labs

Below Optimal:

310.00

Above Optimal:

455.00

Boston Heart

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

References

‍Abstract 12719: The Association of High Vitamin B12 With Mortality Risks and Related Metabolisms Among Hypertensive Population | Circulation (ahajournals.org)

Relationship between serum B12 concentrations and mortality: experience in NHANES - PMC (nih.gov)

Association between serum vitamin B12 and risk of all-cause mortality in elderly adults: a prospective cohort study - PMC (nih.gov)

Associations of Serum Folate and Vitamin B12 Levels With Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes | Diabetes and Endocrinology | JAMA Network Open | JAMA Network

Association of Plasma Concentration of Vitamin B12 With All-Cause Mortality in the General Population in the Netherlands | Geriatrics | JAMA Network Open | JAMA Network

Association of serum vitamin B12 and folate with mortality in incident hemodialysis patients | Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation | Oxford Academic (oup.com)

White Blood Cells

x10E3/µL

Labcorp

Below Optimal:

3.50

Above Optimal:

6.00

Access Medical Labs

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

6.00

Boston Heart

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

6.00

References

White Blood Cell Count and Mortality in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging - ScienceDirect

(1) (PDF) Revision in Reference Ranges of Peripheral Total Leukocyte Count and Differential Leukocyte Percentages Based on a Normal Serum C-Reactive Protein Level (researchgate.net)

White blood cells in pregnancy: reference intervals for before and after delivery - eBioMedicine (thelancet.com)

hs-CRP

mg/L

Labcorp

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

Access Medical Labs

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

Boston Heart

Below Optimal:

Above Optimal:

0.30

References

Mortality risk prediction of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in suspected acute coronary syndrome: A cohort study - PMC (nih.gov)

Association between C reactive protein and all-cause mortality in the ELSA-Brasil cohort | Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health (bmj.com)

(1) (PDF) Reproducibility of High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein as an Inflammatory Component of Metabolic Syndrome in Japanese (researchgate.net)

C Reactive Protein - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf (nih.gov)

The Optimal Cut-off Point of C-Reactive Protein as an Optional Component of Metabolic Syndrome in Japan (jst.go.jp)

The descriptions and optimal ranges provided by Rupa Health are for informational purposes only. These ranges are developed through research and clinical experience to offer insight into overall well-being; these ranges are not personalized medical advice.
‍
Your original lab report (the “Report”) is the official documentation of your results; please always refer back to the Report.

Rupa is not liable for any discrepancies between the Report and this visualization. Consult your healthcare provider for any health-related questions, decisions, or concerns. Rupa Health makes no warranty or representation with respect to the content, completeness, reliability, accuracy, or availability of these descriptions and optimal ranges.